EFFECT OF EL NIÑO PHENOMENON ON THE SEASONALITY OF Pulicidae (Siphonaptera) IN DOGS IN A RURAL AREA OF SOUTHERN BRAZIL

Guilherme Araujo Collares Da Silva, Luciana Araujo Lins, Márcio Josué Costa Irala, M. C. Cárcamo, P. B. Ribeiro
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of El Niño phenomenon on the seasonality of flea species present on dogs from a rural area in Southern Brazil, and on the relationship between the frequency of these species and the climatic conditions in that micro-region. Over three years (2013-2016) 8,974 fleas were collected from 20 dogs. Ctenocephalides felis was the most frequent species (70.14%), followed by Pulex irritans (28.82%) and Ctenocephalides canis (1.05%). The number of C. felis and C. canis individuals varied significantly with the year and with the season of the year, whereas the number of P. irritans was only influenced by the season. C. felis was more prevalent than all the other species in all seasons studied. There was a significant difference in the number of specimens collected during 2015, under the influence of El Niño, compared to 2013 but not to 2014. There was a higher incidence of P. irritans during the cooler periods. C. canis population increased during colder seasons whereas no individuals were collected in years with lower average temperatures. The present study expanded the current knowledge about the seasonal variations in the Siphonapteran populations parasiting dogs, especially in the years under influence of El Niño.
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巴西南部农村地区EL NIÑO现象对犬类舌蚜科(管翅目)季节性的影响
本研究的目的是调查El Niño现象对巴西南部农村地区狗身上跳蚤种类季节性的影响,以及这些物种的频率与该微地区气候条件之间的关系。在三年(2013-2016)期间,从20只狗身上收集了8,974只跳蚤。最常见的是猫头蛉(70.14%),其次是刺尾蛉(28.82%)和犬头蛉(1.05%)。猫、犬蠓的个体数随年份和季节变化显著,而刺激蠓的个体数仅受季节影响。在研究的所有季节中,猫科动物都是最普遍的。在El Niño的影响下,2015年采集的标本数量与2013年相比有显著差异,但与2014年相比没有显著差异。在较冷的时期,P. irritans的发病率较高。在较冷的季节,犬蠓种群数量增加,而在平均气温较低的年份,没有收集到个体。目前的研究扩大了目前对寄生犬的虹吸类种群的季节性变化的了解,特别是在El Niño影响下的年份。
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