Hunters-Turned-Conservationists

Vijaya Ramadas Mandala
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Abstract

The final chapter locates the careers of two prominent hunters-turned-conservationists—Jim Corbett and Richard Burton—within the essential paradox of hunting and conservation in colonial India. In the case of both, as this chapter demonstrates, any simple binary of the colonizer–colonized model is inadequate to explain their prolific hunting in the first half of their lives as well as their passionate commitment to the cause of conservation in the second half. The chapter examines how, in their dual roles as hunter and conservationist, killer and protector, ruler and saviour, both men encompassed the quintessential split image of the British Raj. Particularly in their role as slayers of man-eating predators, Corbett and Burton offer an extremely nuanced and complex image that revises any straightforward impression of colonial hunters in India dominating their natural environment in imitation of the imperial domination of India’s politics. Despite such caveats, this chapter argues that Corbett and Burton remained staunch loyalists to the British Raj, and cautions that the wider history of conservation thinking should pay due attention to the critical and historical analysis of individuals like Corbett and Burton, whose individual approaches to conservation issues were drawn from lived experience, just as much as from broader colonial attitudes.
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Hunters-Turned-Conservationists
最后一章将两位杰出的猎人出身的环保主义者——吉姆·科比特和理查德·伯顿——的职业生涯定位在殖民时期印度狩猎和环保的本质悖论中。在这两种情况下,正如本章所展示的,任何简单的殖民者-被殖民者二元模型都不足以解释它们前半生的多产狩猎行为,以及它们后半生对保护事业的热情承诺。这一章考察了他们作为猎人和自然资源保护者、杀手和保护者、统治者和救世主的双重角色是如何包含了英国统治时期典型的分裂形象的。特别是在他们作为食人食肉动物的杀手的角色中,科比特和伯顿提供了一个极其微妙和复杂的形象,改变了印度殖民猎人在模仿印度政治的帝国统治下统治自然环境的直接印象。尽管有这些警告,本章认为科比特和伯顿仍然是英国统治的坚定忠诚者,并警告说,更广泛的保护思想史应该适当关注像科比特和伯顿这样的个人的批判性和历史性分析,他们对保护问题的个人方法来自生活经验,就像来自更广泛的殖民态度一样。
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