A study of clinical profile of patients with acute kidney injury in a tertiary care centre.

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of the study are to study etiology, manifestations and outcome of acute kidney disease. Method: In present study, patients with acute kidney disease admitted to Sir T Hospital, Govt. Medical College Bhavnagar between June 2013 and July 2014 are studied with a detailed history, general physical examination, and systemic examination and investigated as per the proforma. Data collected, analysed and the test of significance was calculated by chi square, student’s t test. Results and conclusion: A prospective study of 100 cases of acute kidney injury admitted to Sir T Hospital Bhavnagar between June 2013 and July 2014 is done. Diagnosis of the patients is based on the clinical and laboratory evidence of elevated blood urea and serum creatinine. This study showed male to female ratio of 2.7:1. Maximum incidence is seen between 40-65 years. The study showed various etiological factors associated with acute kidney injury like malaria, snake bite, septicaemia, heart failure, cirrhosis, drug nephrotoxicity and acute gastroenteritis. 8 patients had obstructive uropathy. Common symptoms are oliguria and vomiting, other clinical features are fever, jaundice, loose stool and peripheral edema. However, septicaemia is the predominant cause of acute kidney injury in our study.  Out of 100 cases, 93% patients survived and 7% expired. 83% patients are on conservative management and 17% underwent hemodialysis. Out of 100 cases, 51 patients are having associated illness which made them prone to develop AKI. Mortality is also seen more among this group. Most common comorbid illnesses are DM, HTN and IHD.