Design and implementation of a fast charger with SOC estimation technique for LiCoO2 battery

Chang-Hua Lin, Min-Hsuan Hung, Chien-Ming Wang, Chien-Yeh Ho
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Abstract

This paper explores a fast charger based on microcontroller for LiCoO2 battery module. The main structure of the proposed system is the power factor corrector with a full-bridge phase-shift converter, its power factor upgrade close to 1.0, as well as to change the charging strategy according to the battery module's state of charge. Furthermore, the full-bridge phase-shift converter control chip communicates with battery management system via the I2C interface, to modulate the full-bridge phase-shift converter charging strategy to short the charging time and improve the battery lifespan. All the experimental results are also provided. In addition, the proposed charger system has universal input voltage specification and power factor correction function, the overall system efficiency is maintained around at 79.4% to 87%. Furthermore, we directly capture the related data of the battery cells from the battery management system via the I2C interface, and then through the open-circuit voltage method integrating the Coulomb integral method to find the lowest state of charge of the battery cell as a benchmark charge to adjust charging strategy. The pre-charge current is used when the SOC of the battery is lower than 15%. And then we employ the constant current charging if the SOC is from 15% to 75%. Finally, the charging strategy of the last phase will change to constant voltage charging to avoid the overcharging phenomenon.
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锂离子电池SOC估算快速充电器的设计与实现
本文研究了一种基于单片机的锂离子电池模块快速充电器。该系统的主要结构是功率因数校正器与全桥移相转换器,其功率因数升级接近1.0,并根据电池模块的充电状态改变充电策略。此外,全桥移相转换器控制芯片通过I2C接口与电池管理系统通信,调制全桥移相转换器充电策略,缩短充电时间,提高电池寿命。并给出了所有的实验结果。此外,所提出的充电器系统具有通用的输入电压规格和功率因数校正功能,整体系统效率保持在79.4% ~ 87%左右。此外,我们通过I2C接口直接从电池管理系统中获取电池单体的相关数据,然后通过开路电压法积分库仑积分法求出电池单体的最低充电状态作为基准充电来调整充电策略。预充电电流为电池荷电状态低于15%时使用的电流。然后我们采用恒流充电,如果SOC从15%到75%。最后,将最后一阶段的充电策略改为恒压充电,以避免过充现象。
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