Hierarchical control of combined power control resources mitigating local power grid fluctuations

C. Bodet, A. Schülke
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Abstract

Power grid fluctuations are an increasing concern with the high penetration of intermittent generation sources. This paper describes a hierarchical control scheme defined by the dynamics of de-coupled power units over possibly different business domains into an integrated control scheme providing fluctuation mitigation. Specifically, a method built on the combination of charging control of a variable EV fleet and a small-scale energy storage system in a prioritized control hierarchy is investigated with its impacts on both domains. The control hierarchy uses the EV charging dynamics as prime resource for the mitigation of local generation fluctuations and accommodates the residual lack with local electric storage. The definition of a controllable power range for the charging stations allows for the EV charging infrastructure to serve as a power service. The underlying two-layer control algorithms is evaluated through simulations of the dynamics of a residential grid segment combining different grid resources. The results show significantly enhanced performance for effectively reducing the energy surplus-needs through the prime control layer (here: EV charging), but also the need for careful design of secondary power capacities (here: storage).
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联合电力控制资源的分层控制缓解局部电网波动
随着间歇性发电源的高度普及,电网波动日益引起人们的关注。本文描述了一种分层控制方案,该方案由可能不同业务域的解耦电力单元的动力学定义为提供波动缓解的集成控制方案。具体而言,研究了一种基于优先级控制层次的可变电动汽车充电控制与小型储能系统充电控制相结合的方法,并分析了该方法对两者的影响。该控制层次将电动汽车充电动态作为缓解局部发电波动的主要资源,并通过局部电力存储来调节剩余电量不足。充电站可控功率范围的定义允许电动汽车充电基础设施作为电力服务。通过对结合不同网格资源的住宅网格段的动态仿真,对底层两层控制算法进行了评估。结果表明,通过一级控制层(此处为电动汽车充电)有效降低能量过剩需求,但也需要仔细设计二级功率容量(此处为存储),从而显著提高了性能。
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