BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS IN THE NORTH OF BRAZIL

Daniela Fernandes Ramos, Lucas Alves Tavares, Cecília Verônica Nunez, Reinaldo Corrêa Costa, Odir Antônio Dellagostin, Pedro Eduardo Almeida da Silva
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Abstract

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is an infectious disease worldwide distributed, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, which affects cattle and other animals, including humans. In Brazil, BTB is endemic and causes economic losses by reducing the productivity of livestock and loss of carcasses in the slaughterhouses. Molecular epidemiology has been used as a tool for the investigation of M. bovis transmission and dynamic of this disease. Herein, we studied 99 samples of lymph nodes obtained from animals (with or without suggestive lesion) slaughtered in the Northern region of Brazil. We evaluated the presence of M. bovis through microscopy techniques, culture in Stonebrinck medium and molecular identification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. In addition, two genotyping methods (Spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR) were used in order to identify the genotypic profile of these strains. Out of 99 retropharyngeal lymph nodes collected, only ten clinical samples were amplified using PCR technique, and were considered positive to M. bovis. These samples were further investigated using molecular analysis of the combination of spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR, and it was possible to identify eight different patterns. Only one spoligotype, majority among the samples tested (40%), had already been identified in the database (SIT523). Through the epidemiological identification of these strains, it is possible to investigate the dynamic transmission of the disease, which is an essential part of more specific and effective control of diseases such as tuberculosis.
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巴西北部的牛结核病
牛结核病(BTB)是由牛分枝杆菌引起的一种全球分布的传染病,影响牛和包括人类在内的其他动物。在巴西,BTB是一种地方性疾病,并通过降低牲畜生产力和屠宰场中的尸体损失造成经济损失。分子流行病学已被用作研究牛支原体传播和该病动态的工具。在此,我们研究了巴西北部地区屠宰的动物(有或没有暗示性病变)的99个淋巴结样本。我们通过显微镜技术、Stonebrinck培养基培养和聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测的分子鉴定来评估牛分枝杆菌的存在。此外,采用Spoligotyping和MIRU-VNTR两种基因分型方法鉴定了这些菌株的基因型。在收集到的99个咽后淋巴结中,只有10个临床样本使用PCR技术扩增,并认为牛分枝杆菌阳性。利用spoligotyping和MIRU-VNTR结合的分子分析对这些样本进行了进一步的研究,发现有可能鉴定出8种不同的模式。只有一种spoligotype已经在数据库(SIT523)中被确定,在测试的样本中占大多数(40%)。通过对这些菌株的流行病学鉴定,可以调查该疾病的动态传播,这是更具体和有效控制结核病等疾病的重要组成部分。
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