The Effect of Type and Mode of Light Curing Units on Degree of Conversion of Bulk Fill Composites

R. Hoseinifar, Lida Lashkarizadeh
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Abstract

Introduction: Adequate polymerization is a critical factor in obtaining optimal physical and mechanical properties and a satisfying clinical outcomes in composite restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of type and mode of light curing units on degree of conversion (DC) of Bulk Fill composites (Xtra-fill andTetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill) compared to conventional composite (Tetric N-Ceram). Materials & Methods: This in-vitro experimental study was conducted in Kerman and Tehran School of Dentistry in 2019. Number of 15 uncured composites and 45 composite discs were fabricated using the Teflon molds with a 4 mm thick and 10 mm diameter and light cured from the top using LED ramp, LED and QTH curing units for 20 seconds. Bulk Fill composites (Xtra-fill andTetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill) were placed with a 4mm_thick increment and conventional composite (Tetric N-Ceram) was placed incrementally (with 2 mm thickness in each layer). The degree of conversion of top and bottom surfaces of composites were measured using the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results were analyzed with Two-way ANOVA and Tukey̛ s test. The level of significance was set as p value < 0.05. Results: In all samples, the DC value of top surfaces was significantly higher than the 4mm depth (p value < 0.05). Overall, there were no significant difference between the DC value of tested composites (p value > 0.05), But LED light in ramp mode showed significantly better results compared to LED and QTH light sources (p value < 0.05). The type and mode of light cure units had no influence on DC of bulk fill composites (p value > 0.05), but the DC of conventional composite with QTH and LED ramp was significantly higher than LED (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the DC value of bulk fill composites were not significantly affected by the type and mode of light cure units, and all investigated bulk fill composites obtained clinically acceptable degree of conversion at 4 mm depth.
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光固化单元类型和方式对块体填充复合材料转化率的影响
在复合修复体中,充分的聚合是获得最佳物理力学性能和令人满意的临床结果的关键因素。本研究的目的是评估光固化单元的类型和模式对体积填充复合材料(超填充和n -陶瓷体积填充)与传统复合材料(n -陶瓷)的转化率(DC)的影响。材料与方法:本体外实验研究于2019年在克尔曼和德黑兰牙科学院进行。使用厚度为4 mm、直径为10 mm的Teflon模具制作了15个未固化的复合材料和45个复合圆盘,并使用LED坡道、LED和QTH固化装置从顶部光固化20秒。散装填充复合材料(extra - Fill和Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill)以4mm厚的增量放置,常规复合材料(Tetric N-Ceram)以增量放置(每层厚度为2mm)。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)测量了复合材料顶、底表面的转化程度。采用双因素方差分析和Tukey - s检验对结果进行分析。p < 0.05为显著性水平。结果:所有样品上表面DC值均显著高于4mm深度(p值< 0.05)。总体而言,被测复合材料的DC值之间没有显著差异(p值> 0.05),但坡道模式下LED光源的效果明显优于LED光源和QTH光源(p值< 0.05)。光固化单元的类型和方式对填充型复合材料的DC无显著影响(p值> 0.05),而常规QTH + LED坡道复合材料的DC显著高于LED (p值< 0.05)。结论:本研究结果表明,光固化单元的类型和模式对体填充复合材料的DC值影响不显著,所研究的体填充复合材料在4mm深度处均获得临床可接受的转换度。
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