Evaluation of tracheal size in the Nigerian indigenous dog by radiologic morphometry

R. Ukaha, K. Agwu, R. Kene
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Abstract

Reproducible and easily applied methods of radiologic evaluation are needed in the day-to-day clinical practice for diagnosis and treatment (management) of tracheal disorders in animals. In the Nigerian Indigenous Dog, records of such measurements are either non-existent or invisible. The objective of this prospective cross-sectional study was to document measurement indices used for the evaluation of canine trachea. Thirty healthy Nigerian indigenous dogs of both sexes were used for the investigation. Plain right and left lateral thoracic radiographs of each research animal were obtained. The tracheal silhouette in each radiograph was objectively evaluated and adequately described. In the right and left lateral views, the sagittal diameter of the tenth vertebra, the thoracic inlet diameter, and the tracheal diameter were the parameters measured and recorded. Indices generated were the tracheothoracic ratio and tracheovertebral ratio. Results were described as means ± standard errors of means while differences between mean values were subjected to student’s t-test statistic using SPSS version 22 for windows. Statistical significance was established at P≤0.05. In the lateral radiographs, mean values of vertebral indices, tracheothoracic ratios, and tracheovertebral ratios for right/left lateral radiographs were 0.21±0.01/0.21±0.01, and 0.92±0.12/0.92±0.11, respectively. Using the right lateral and dorsoventral orthogonal views, the fronto-sagittal and Haller index's mean values were 1.05±0.04 and 0.95±0.04, respectively. The indices generated in the present study are considered adequate and recommended for morphological evaluation of the canine tracheal silhouette. The tracheovertebral ratio was established for the first time in the present research. The results of this work are reproducible, objective and easy to apply in small animal clinical practice.
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用放射形态计量学评价尼日利亚土着犬的气管大小
在动物气管疾病的诊断和治疗(管理)的日常临床实践中,需要可重复性和易于应用的放射学评估方法。在尼日利亚土着犬中,这种测量的记录要么不存在,要么看不见。这项前瞻性横断面研究的目的是记录用于评估犬气管的测量指标。调查使用了30只健康的尼日利亚本地犬,雌雄都有。获得每只实验动物的左右侧位胸片平片。每个x线片的气管轮廓被客观地评估和充分地描述。在左右侧位图上,测量并记录了第10椎体矢状直径、胸椎入口直径和气管直径。生成的指标为气管胸比和气管椎比。结果用均数±均数的标准误差来描述,均数之间的差异使用SPSS version 22 for windows进行学生t检验统计。P≤0.05有统计学意义。侧位片椎体指数、气管胸椎比值、气管椎比值平均值分别为0.21±0.01/0.21±0.01、0.92±0.12/0.92±0.11。右侧侧位和背腹侧位正交观察,额矢状面和Haller指数的平均值分别为1.05±0.04和0.95±0.04。在本研究中产生的指数被认为是足够的,并推荐用于犬气管轮廓的形态学评估。本研究首次建立了气管-椎比值。本研究结果重现性好,客观,易于应用于小动物临床实践。
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