Productivity of apple tree of idared variety under different fertilization in repeatedly cultivated plantations

Abstract

The results of the long-term studies of yield formation and fruit quality of Idared apple variety on seed and vegetative M4 wilding for re-cultivation on mineral nutrition, created by long-term application of various fertilizer systems on dark gray podzolic soil in the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine have been considered. Throughout the growing period of the first and second generation of apple trees in the experimental garden organic (40 t/ha of cattle manure) and mineral fertilizer (N120R120K120) and their combination (20 t/ha of manure + N60R60K60) have bben used. Organic fertilizer had the most positive effect on the formation of soil fertility (humus and mobile nutrients, soil reaction, soil biological activity) and, accordingly, increased the yield of trees on seed wilding - by 27.7% and on wilding M4 - by 24.4% compared with the yield in the control version without fertilizer and, respectively, by 11.0 and 10.4% compared with the variant of mineral fertilizer. The level of yield capacity of organic and mineral fertilizer was intermediate. In the same pattern, the quality of apples improved a bit: size, yield of the highest and first commodity varieties, the content of dry soluble substances, sugars and organic acids. Key words: apple tree, fertilizer, wilding, yield, fruit quality.