Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”最新文献
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.010
A. Kryvenko, S. Pochkolina, R. Solomonov
It was found that during the research in winter wheat crops, 40 species of weeds of different biological groups and classes were registered. The most common weeds in the research are: spring (Polygonum aviculare, Fumaria officinalis); winter (Descurainiasophia, Capsella bursa-patoris, Veronica hederifolia, Thlaspiarvense), perennial (Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis). All of these weeds are non-parasitic weeds. They have roots, stems and green leaves, resulting in an independent diet. It is shown that on average for 5 years of research the least number of weeds was recorded after black fallow (53,7 pcs / m²). Weeds were 22,0 % higher after winter weeds, 55,9 % more after a mixture of peas and mustard, and 95,3 % higher after peas for grain. In the experiments, almost identical results on weediness of winter wheat crops were obtained with two tillage schemes, namely tillage and chisel tillage. However, there is a slight tendency to reduce the number of weeds (0,8 %) during chisel tillage. There was an increase in the number of weeds on the 2nd (83,5 pcs / m2) and on the 4th (76,6 pcs / m2) crops compared to the 1st (64,3 pcs / m2). The highest tweediness (83,5 units / m2) of winter wheat crops was observed in the 2nd crop. This indicates a large potential contamination of the arable soil layer. Key words: crop rotation, tillage, black fallow, green fallow, weeds, winter wheat, oats.
{"title":"Regularities of weeding in crop rotation fields against the background of different tillage systems","authors":"A. Kryvenko, S. Pochkolina, R. Solomonov","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.010","url":null,"abstract":"It was found that during the research in winter wheat crops, 40 species of weeds of different biological groups and classes were registered. The most common weeds in the research are: spring (Polygonum aviculare, Fumaria officinalis); winter (Descurainiasophia, Capsella bursa-patoris, Veronica hederifolia, Thlaspiarvense), perennial (Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis). All of these weeds are non-parasitic weeds. They have roots, stems and green leaves, resulting in an independent diet.\u0000\u0000It is shown that on average for 5 years of research the least number of weeds was recorded after black fallow (53,7 pcs / m²). Weeds were 22,0 % higher after winter weeds, 55,9 % more after a mixture of peas and mustard, and 95,3 % higher after peas for grain.\u0000\u0000In the experiments, almost identical results on weediness of winter wheat crops were obtained with two tillage schemes, namely tillage and chisel tillage. However, there is a slight tendency to reduce the number of weeds (0,8 %) during chisel tillage.\u0000\u0000There was an increase in the number of weeds on the 2nd (83,5 pcs / m2) and on the 4th (76,6 pcs / m2) crops compared to the 1st (64,3 pcs / m2). The highest tweediness (83,5 units / m2) of winter wheat crops was observed in the 2nd crop. This indicates a large potential contamination of the arable soil layer.\u0000\u0000Key words: crop rotation, tillage, black fallow, green fallow, weeds, winter wheat, oats.","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117177876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.101
R. Vyskub, H. Chuhrii, O. Bondareva
An effective condition for stabilizing the yields of winter soft wheat over the years is selection for high plasticity, for the resistance of new varieties to unfavorable environmental factors, which is possible when creating varieties in the zone where they appear. The purpose of the research is to create the initial material and high-yielding varieties of soft winter wheat in conditions of insufficient moisture in the southeastern part of the Steppe of Ukraine. The research was carried out according to the method of field work by B. A. Dospekhov and the method of state variety testing of agricultural crops. Research methods: hybridological, field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. The main method of breeding winter wheat is hybridization of the best domestic and foreign varieties, followed by targeted selection in the second-sixth generation of hybrids. The experiments were carried out in the period from 2017 to 2020. in the fields of a seven-field selective crop rotation. According to the research results, it was found that out of 348 hybrid combinations of the second-sixth generations, 16130 lines were selected for sowing in a breeding nursery. In it, 7200 lines were assessed and 1780 numbers were selected for study in the control nursery. After a comprehensive assessment in the control nursery, out of 2830 numbers, 386 numbers were left for study in the previous variety trial. In the preliminary variety trial, 198 numbers were studied; 77 numbers were left for further study. In a small competitive variety trial for grain yield, 15 hybrid combinations were distinguished, which exceeded the standard Donetskaya 48 by 0.48-1.57 t / ha. In the competitive variety trials for yield per pair, the best were hybrid combinations gk4, gk318, gk321, which exceeded the Donetsk 48 standard by 0.21-0.51 t / ha, after corn for silage - gk321, gk363, gk318, gk716/1, of which the increase to the standard was 0.15-0.47 t/ha.In terms of yield in ecological variety testing, the best winter wheat varieties were Boginya, Popelyushka, DivoDonetskoe, OberegMironovsky, Yuzovskaya, Igristaya, Peremoga, Patriotka, which exceeded the standard variety Donetskaya 48 by 0.35-0.68 t/ha. New varieties of winter wheat Vezha and Almaz of bakery direction of use, undemanding to the agricultural background, maximally adapted to the arid conditions of the southeastern Steppe of Ukraine, are under state testing. Key words: selection, winter wheat, hybridization, variety, yield.
{"title":"Creation of high-yielding varieties of soft winter wheat in the conditions of the southeastern Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"R. Vyskub, H. Chuhrii, O. Bondareva","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.101","url":null,"abstract":"An effective condition for stabilizing the yields of winter soft wheat over the years is selection for high plasticity, for the resistance of new varieties to unfavorable environmental factors, which is possible when creating varieties in the zone where they appear. The purpose of the research is to create the initial material and high-yielding varieties of soft winter wheat in conditions of insufficient moisture in the southeastern part of the Steppe of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000The research was carried out according to the method of field work by B. A. Dospekhov and the method of state variety testing of agricultural crops. Research methods: hybridological, field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. The main method of breeding winter wheat is hybridization of the best domestic and foreign varieties, followed by targeted selection in the second-sixth generation of hybrids.\u0000\u0000The experiments were carried out in the period from 2017 to 2020. in the fields of a seven-field selective crop rotation. According to the research results, it was found that out of 348 hybrid combinations of the second-sixth generations, 16130 lines were selected for sowing in a breeding nursery. In it, 7200 lines were assessed and 1780 numbers were selected for study in the control nursery. After a comprehensive assessment in the control nursery, out of 2830 numbers, 386 numbers were left for study in the previous variety trial. In the preliminary variety trial, 198 numbers were studied; 77 numbers were left for further study.\u0000\u0000In a small competitive variety trial for grain yield, 15 hybrid combinations were distinguished, which exceeded the standard Donetskaya 48 by 0.48-1.57 t / ha. In the competitive variety trials for yield per pair, the best were hybrid combinations gk4, gk318, gk321, which exceeded the Donetsk 48 standard by 0.21-0.51 t / ha, after corn for silage - gk321, gk363, gk318, gk716/1, of which the increase to the standard was 0.15-0.47 t/ha.In terms of yield in ecological variety testing, the best winter wheat varieties were Boginya, Popelyushka, DivoDonetskoe, OberegMironovsky, Yuzovskaya, Igristaya, Peremoga, Patriotka, which exceeded the standard variety Donetskaya 48 by 0.35-0.68 t/ha. New varieties of winter wheat Vezha and Almaz of bakery direction of use, undemanding to the agricultural background, maximally adapted to the arid conditions of the southeastern Steppe of Ukraine, are under state testing.\u0000\u0000Key words: selection, winter wheat, hybridization, variety, yield.","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115567728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.143
R. Yakovenko
The results of studies on the effect of optimized fertilization ofpear plantations of the varieties Conferentsia and Osnovianska on morphological changes of the leaf apparatus and the yield of trees grown on dark gray podzolic heavy loamy soil in the Right-Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine are considered. Under the optimization of mineral nutrition of these pear varieties in the unirrigated plantation, in different age periods of growth and fruiting, a significant increase in the total leaf area, each leafplate and its thickness was observed on the plots of optimized background with the additional introduction of N30 and N30K30. The highest yields of both research pear varieties in the period of fruiting and growth were also provided by additional nitrogen and nitrogen-potassium nutrition with appropriate fertilization on the optimized background. In these cases, there was a significant increase in tree yield compared to the unfertilized, and fertilized with annual application of N90P60K90, where there was a less balanced ratio of N:P:K in plant nutrition, although the total amount of fertilizer was greater. Key words: pear, fertilizer, variety, leaves, harvest, growth periods
{"title":"Effect of optimized fertilizer on leaf surface and yield of pear trees in repeated cultivation","authors":"R. Yakovenko","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.143","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studies on the effect of optimized fertilization ofpear plantations of the varieties Conferentsia and Osnovianska on morphological changes of the leaf apparatus and the yield of trees grown on dark gray podzolic heavy loamy soil in the Right-Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine are considered. Under the optimization of mineral nutrition of these pear varieties in the unirrigated plantation, in different age periods of growth and fruiting, a significant increase in the total leaf area, each leafplate and its thickness was observed on the plots of optimized background with the additional introduction of N30 and N30K30.\u0000\u0000The highest yields of both research pear varieties in the period of fruiting and growth were also provided by additional nitrogen and nitrogen-potassium nutrition with appropriate fertilization on the optimized background. In these cases, there was a significant increase in tree yield compared to the unfertilized, and fertilized with annual application of N90P60K90, where there was a less balanced ratio of N:P:K in plant nutrition, although the total amount of fertilizer was greater.\u0000\u0000Key words: pear, fertilizer, variety, leaves, harvest, growth periods","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133947084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.071
L.N. Potasheva, Yu.N. Potashev, I. Nepran
The article presents the results of studies on the effect of the bacterial preparation Rizogumin (based on nitrogen-fixing bacteria Rhizobium phaseoli) on the structural elements and grain yield of four standard varieties of beans in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Introduction. In the context of reforming the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine and reducing the production of livestock products, the production of high-protein crop products has acquired great importance. As a consequence, in recent years, the demand for seeds of leguminous crops, in particular beans, has sharply increased. The use of beneficial microorganisms in the technology of growing beans makes it possible to significantly reduce the use of mineral fertilizers, to produce environmentally friendly products and is one of the most effective methods of increasing its yield. The aim of research is to establish the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with Rizogumin on the structural elements and yield of standard varieties of beans in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Materials and research methods. The study of the influence of Rizogumin on the structure and yield of various varieties of beans was carried out on the basis of the "Experimental field" URPC of the Kharkiv National Agrarian Universitynamed after V.V. Dokuchaev. The experiment studied the effect of seed inoculation with Rizogumin on the yield of four varieties of common beans for grain use: Pervomayskaya, Dokuchaevskaya, Mavka and Panna. Research results and their discussion. In average for 2018-2020 studies, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a bacterial preparation ensured the formation of a more optimal ratio of structural elements of the yield in comparison with the control. So, during bacterization of seeds, the number of grains per plant in the Pervomayskaya variety was 21.3 pcs., in the Dokuchaevskaya variety - 20.3, in the Mavka variety - 24.9, in the Panna variety - 20.5 pcs.; on control - respectively 19.0, 18.1, 22.8, 18.9 pcs. If, when using Rizogumin, the weight of 1000 grains in these varieties reached 243, 245, 229, 272 g, then in the control - 238, 240, 226 262 g, respectively. Due to the better plant survival, the local varieties of beans Pervomayskaya and Dokuchaevskaya had a greater density of plants before harvesting: in the control - 40 pieces / m2, in the variant with inoculation - 41 pieces/m2; in the varieties Mavka and Panna, according to the variants of the experiment, 3 plants less were preserved per 1 m2. It has been found that, on average, for three years of research, the yield of beans of the Pervomaisk variety was 1.81 t/ha, the Dokuchaevskaya variety - 1.73, the Mavka variety - 1.89, the Panna variety - 1.81 t/ha. The greatest increase in yield was obtained in the varieties Pervomayskaya and Dokuchaevskaya - 0.16 t/ha each. The varieties Mavka and Panna formed a smaller increase in yield due to inoculation - 0.13 t/ha each. Key words: common beans, variety, pre-sowing
{"title":"Formation of structural elements and yield of beans depending on the variety and pre-sowing treatment of seeds in the Eastern Forest-steppe of Ukraine","authors":"L.N. Potasheva, Yu.N. Potashev, I. Nepran","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.071","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies on the effect of the bacterial preparation Rizogumin (based on nitrogen-fixing bacteria Rhizobium phaseoli) on the structural elements and grain yield of four standard varieties of beans in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Introduction. In the context of reforming the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine and reducing the production of livestock products, the production of high-protein crop products has acquired great importance. As a consequence, in recent years, the demand for seeds of leguminous crops, in particular beans, has sharply increased.\u0000\u0000The use of beneficial microorganisms in the technology of growing beans makes it possible to significantly reduce the use of mineral fertilizers, to produce environmentally friendly products and is one of the most effective methods of increasing its yield.\u0000\u0000The aim of research is to establish the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with Rizogumin on the structural elements and yield of standard varieties of beans in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Materials and research methods. The study of the influence of Rizogumin on the structure and yield of various varieties of beans was carried out on the basis of the \"Experimental field\" URPC of the Kharkiv National Agrarian Universitynamed after V.V. Dokuchaev. The experiment studied the effect of seed inoculation with Rizogumin on the yield of four varieties of common beans for grain use: Pervomayskaya, Dokuchaevskaya, Mavka and Panna.\u0000\u0000Research results and their discussion. In average for 2018-2020 studies, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a bacterial preparation ensured the formation of a more optimal ratio of structural elements of the yield in comparison with the control. So, during bacterization of seeds, the number of grains per plant in the Pervomayskaya variety was 21.3 pcs., in the Dokuchaevskaya variety - 20.3, in the Mavka variety - 24.9, in the Panna variety - 20.5 pcs.; on control - respectively 19.0, 18.1, 22.8, 18.9 pcs. If, when using Rizogumin, the weight of 1000 grains in these varieties reached 243, 245, 229, 272 g, then in the control - 238, 240, 226 262 g, respectively.\u0000\u0000 Due to the better plant survival, the local varieties of beans Pervomayskaya and Dokuchaevskaya had a greater density of plants before harvesting: in the control - 40 pieces / m2, in the variant with inoculation - 41 pieces/m2; in the varieties Mavka and Panna, according to the variants of the experiment, 3 plants less were preserved per 1 m2.\u0000\u0000It has been found that, on average, for three years of research, the yield of beans of the Pervomaisk variety was 1.81 t/ha, the Dokuchaevskaya variety - 1.73, the Mavka variety - 1.89, the Panna variety - 1.81 t/ha. The greatest increase in yield was obtained in the varieties Pervomayskaya and Dokuchaevskaya - 0.16 t/ha each. The varieties Mavka and Panna formed a smaller increase in yield due to inoculation - 0.13 t/ha each.\u0000\u0000 Key words: common beans, variety, pre-sowing ","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130974440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.054
A. Rozhkov, A. Sviridov, L. A. Sviridova, V.V. Mogilevskaya
These are the presented results of three-year studies on the effect of different seeding rates on the photosynthetic productivity of agrobiocenoses of grain sorghum of different ripeness groups in the conditions of the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Statement of the problem. Today, the biological potential of the yield of varieties and hybrids of grain sorghum is far from being fully utilized. The correct selection of varieties and hybrids for the conditions of a particular growing area in combination with the optimal parameters of the cultivation technology, it can significantly increase the yield and stabilize the production of sorghum grain. The aim of research was to determine the effect of seeding rates on the photosynthetic productivity of modern hybrids of grain sorghum of various ripeness groups in the conditions of the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Research methodology. The research was carried out on the basis of an eight-field grain-steam-row crop rotation by the Department of Plant Production UNPCz "Experimental Field" KhNAUnd.a. V.V. Dokuchaev in 2017‒2019. The two-way field experiment was established by the method of split plots in triplicate. In the experiment, three hybrids of grain sorghum (factor A) were studied: Brigga, Aggil and Angii, in three variants of the seeding rate (factor B): 160 ths. pcs./ha, 200 and 240 ths. pcs./ha. The sowing area was 20,0 m2, accounting ‒ 12.0 m2. Results of researches. Among the studied hybrids of grain sorghum, hybrids Aggil and Anggi formed a large leaf area. Thus, the leaf area of the hybrid Aggil during the tillering, stemming and flowering phase was 0,53 (6,9 %), 4,80 (23,0 %) and 2,92 ths. m2/ha (11,8 %) is correspondingly higher than that of the hybridBrigga. The hybrid Anggi in these phases had an excess compared with the control (hybridBrigga) was 1,02 ths. m2/ha (13,4 %), 4,58 (22,0 %) and 4,46 ths. pcs./ha (18,1 %). With a gradual increase in the seeding rate, at the step of gradation adopted in the experiment - 40 ths. pcs./ha, the increase in the total photosynthetic potential decreased. In particular, there was an increase in the seeding rate from 160 to 200 ths. pcs./ha, this indicator on average for hybrids was increased by 19,5 %, whereas with an increase in the seeding rate from 200 to 240 ths. pcs./ha it was only by 9,8 %. The difference in the indices of the net productivity of photosynthesis between the studied hybrids was not significant. Only tendencies of an increase in this indicator were observed in the hybrids Anggi and Aggil. The seeding rates influenced the variability of this indicator much more. With its increase, the net productivity of photosynthesis decreased. Thus, there was an increase in the seeding rate from 160 to 240 ths. pcs./ha, it decreased from 3,23 to 2,75 g/m2 per day. To a greater extent, the net productivity of photosynthesis decreased with an increase in the seeding rate from 200 to 240 ths. pcs./ha. In particular, there was an incre
{"title":"Photosynthetic productivity agrophytocenoses of grain sorghum under the influence of seeding rate in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"A. Rozhkov, A. Sviridov, L. A. Sviridova, V.V. Mogilevskaya","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.054","url":null,"abstract":"These are the presented results of three-year studies on the effect of different seeding rates on the photosynthetic productivity of agrobiocenoses of grain sorghum of different ripeness groups in the conditions of the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Statement of the problem. Today, the biological potential of the yield of varieties and hybrids of grain sorghum is far from being fully utilized. The correct selection of varieties and hybrids for the conditions of a particular growing area in combination with the optimal parameters of the cultivation technology, it can significantly increase the yield and stabilize the production of sorghum grain.\u0000\u0000The aim of research was to determine the effect of seeding rates on the photosynthetic productivity of modern hybrids of grain sorghum of various ripeness groups in the conditions of the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Research methodology. The research was carried out on the basis of an eight-field grain-steam-row crop rotation by the Department of Plant Production UNPCz \"Experimental Field\" KhNAUnd.a. V.V. Dokuchaev in 2017‒2019. The two-way field experiment was established by the method of split plots in triplicate. In the experiment, three hybrids of grain sorghum (factor A) were studied: Brigga, Aggil and Angii, in three variants of the seeding rate (factor B): 160 ths. pcs./ha, 200 and 240 ths. pcs./ha. The sowing area was 20,0 m2, accounting ‒ 12.0 m2.\u0000\u0000Results of researches. Among the studied hybrids of grain sorghum, hybrids Aggil and Anggi formed a large leaf area. Thus, the leaf area of the hybrid Aggil during the tillering, stemming and flowering phase was 0,53 (6,9 %), 4,80 (23,0 %) and\u00002,92 ths. m2/ha (11,8 %) is correspondingly higher than that of the hybridBrigga. The hybrid Anggi in these phases had an excess compared with the control (hybridBrigga) was 1,02 ths. m2/ha (13,4 %), 4,58 (22,0 %) and 4,46 ths. pcs./ha (18,1 %). \u0000\u0000With a gradual increase in the seeding rate, at the step of gradation adopted in the experiment - 40 ths. pcs./ha, the increase in the total photosynthetic potential decreased. In particular, there was an increase in the seeding rate from 160 to 200 ths. pcs./ha, this indicator on average for hybrids was increased by 19,5 %, whereas with an increase in the seeding rate from 200 to 240 ths. pcs./ha it was only by 9,8 %.\u0000\u0000The difference in the indices of the net productivity of photosynthesis between the studied hybrids was not significant. Only tendencies of an increase in this indicator were observed in the hybrids Anggi and Aggil. The seeding rates influenced the variability of this indicator much more. With its increase, the net productivity of photosynthesis decreased. Thus, there was an increase in the seeding rate from 160 to 240 ths. pcs./ha, it decreased from 3,23 to 2,75 g/m2 per day. To a greater extent, the net productivity of photosynthesis decreased with an increase in the seeding rate from 200 to 240 ths. pcs./ha. In particular, there was an incre","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"35 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120916206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.116
I. O. Derevianko, N.Р. Turchynova
The results of three annual studies on the studied reaction of spring barley plants to the level of moisture supply during the growing season have already been covered. In order to study the diversity of collection samples of spring barley in response to drought, we used an index approach, which is widely used by foreign scientists. With the help of the seven most common of them. These are: drought susceptibility index, tolerance index, average yield, yield stability index, yield index, stress tolerance index and geometric mean yield. 37 samples of spring barley from the collection have already been evaluated to establish the selection value of these samples for drought resistance. According to the results of the evaluation of the collection of spring barley cuttings according to dry resistance indices, it has already been established that the samples: Vodohrai (UKR), Nutans 108 (RUS); Nutans 553 (RUS), Nutans 642 (RUS), Omskyi 90 (RUS), Orenburhskyi 35 (RUS), Karabalykskyi 43 (KAZ); Nutans 89 (KGZ) had a higher level of dry resistance compared to other samples from the collection. These samples can be involved in breeding programs to create competitive varieties of spring barley, which will be adapted to the conditions of the eastern part of the ForestSteppe of Ukraine. Keywords: spring barley, selection, dry resistance, indices of dry resistance, tolerance, stress, adaptation.
{"title":"Selection value of samples spring barley for dry resistance in the conditions of the Eastern Part of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"I. O. Derevianko, N.Р. Turchynova","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.116","url":null,"abstract":"The results of three annual studies on the studied reaction of spring barley plants to the level of moisture supply during the growing season have already been covered. In order to study the diversity of collection samples of spring barley in response to drought, we used an index approach, which is widely used by foreign scientists. With the help of the seven most common of them. These are: drought susceptibility index, tolerance index, average yield, yield stability index, yield index, stress tolerance index and geometric mean yield. 37 samples of spring barley from the collection have already been evaluated to establish the selection value of these samples for drought resistance. According to the results of the evaluation of the collection of spring barley cuttings according to dry resistance indices, it has already been established that the samples: Vodohrai (UKR), Nutans 108 (RUS); Nutans 553 (RUS), Nutans 642 (RUS), Omskyi 90 (RUS), Orenburhskyi 35 (RUS), Karabalykskyi 43 (KAZ); Nutans 89 (KGZ) had a higher level of dry resistance compared to other samples from the collection. These samples can be involved in breeding programs to create competitive varieties of spring barley, which will be adapted to the conditions of the eastern part of the ForestSteppe of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Keywords: spring barley, selection, dry resistance, indices of dry resistance, tolerance, stress, adaptation.","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130421948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.129
O. I. Polyakov, O. Aliieva
Weeds are a big problem with safflower crops. To control weeds, it is necessary to develop an effective system of herbicide use and mechanical methods of weed control for arid conditions of the Southern steppe of Ukraine. In weed–infested fields, the protein content of cereals decreases and that of oilseeds in oil fields. Weed reduction reduces the productivity of agricultural machinery and implements, increases production costs. Weeds reduce the effectiveness of fertilizers, irrigation and other measures aimed at increasing crop yields. The article presents the main results of research for 2017–2019 to study the impact of agricultural practices for the care of safflower crops on herbicide and herbicide–free backgrounds on the weediness of safflower crops. The research was conducted in the fields of the Institute of Oilseeds of NAAS. The system of the main tillage: classical. Variants of the crop care system: 1 – without care (control); 2 – harrowing before and after germination; 3 – 2 row spacing; 4 – harrowing and inter–row cultivation. Application of soil herbicide led to a decrease in the total number of weeds before harvesting in crops of safflower variety Zhyvchyk by 9,3–16,0 and in crops of variety Dobrynya by 8,3–17,7 pieces/m2. The number of weeds before harvesting was the lowest in the variants with two inter–row treatments and was equal to: 16,0 pieces/m2 – on a background with out herbicide and 6,7 pieces/m2–on a herbicide background in crops of Zhyvchyk variety; 14,3 and 6,0 pieces/m2, respectively, in crops of Dobrynya variety. The lowest values of air–dry mass of weeds before harvesting: 81,5 and 39,6 g/m2 in crops of Zhyvchyk variety and 84,3 and 36,9 g/m2 were obtained in the variant with two inter–row treatments. The highest yields were provided by growing safflower varieties using post–emergence harrowing + inter–row cultivation: on a herbicide–free background – 1,35 t/ha in the variety Zhyvchykand 1,40 t/ha in the variety Dobrynya, on a herbicide background 1,54 and 1,64 t/ha, respectively. Key words: safflower, variety, agricultural production, herbicide, weed, yield.
{"title":"Weeding of safflower crops under the influence of agricultural treatments on non-herbicide and herbicide background","authors":"O. I. Polyakov, O. Aliieva","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.129","url":null,"abstract":"Weeds are a big problem with safflower crops. To control weeds, it is necessary to develop an effective system of herbicide use and mechanical methods of weed control for arid conditions of the Southern steppe of Ukraine. In weed–infested fields, the protein content of cereals decreases and that of oilseeds in oil fields. Weed reduction reduces the productivity of agricultural machinery and implements, increases production costs. Weeds reduce the effectiveness of fertilizers, irrigation and other measures aimed at increasing crop yields.\u0000\u0000The article presents the main results of research for 2017–2019 to study the impact of agricultural practices for the care of safflower crops on herbicide and herbicide–free backgrounds on the weediness of safflower crops. The research was conducted in the fields of the Institute of Oilseeds of NAAS. The system of the main tillage: classical. Variants of the crop care system: 1 – without care (control); 2 – harrowing before and after germination; 3 – 2 row spacing; 4 – harrowing and inter–row cultivation.\u0000\u0000Application of soil herbicide led to a decrease in the total number of weeds before harvesting in crops of safflower variety Zhyvchyk by 9,3–16,0 and in crops of variety Dobrynya by 8,3–17,7 pieces/m2. The number of weeds before harvesting was the lowest in the variants with two inter–row treatments and was equal to: 16,0 pieces/m2 – on a background with out herbicide and 6,7 pieces/m2–on a herbicide background in crops of Zhyvchyk variety; 14,3 and 6,0 pieces/m2, respectively, in crops of Dobrynya variety. The lowest values of air–dry mass of weeds before harvesting: 81,5 and 39,6 g/m2 in crops of Zhyvchyk variety and 84,3 and 36,9 g/m2 were obtained in the variant with two inter–row treatments. The highest yields were provided by growing safflower varieties using post–emergence harrowing + inter–row cultivation: on a herbicide–free background – 1,35 t/ha in the variety Zhyvchykand 1,40 t/ha in the variety Dobrynya, on a herbicide background 1,54 and 1,64 t/ha, respectively.\u0000\u0000Key words: safflower, variety, agricultural production, herbicide, weed, yield.","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129970304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.025
O. Chigrin
To provide pasta production with native high-quality raw materials, it is necessary not only to expand the sown area of durum wheat, but also to increase its actual yield. In conditions of environmental crisis, the technology elements aimed at activating metabolic processes in a plant organism become more and more relevant, which makes it possible to significantly increase productivity while saving resources. Durum spring wheat is characterized by weak rooting and slow accumulation of vegetative mass, and is also sensitive to the lack of microelements in the soil. Therefore, it is important to study the effectiveness of complex preparations, which, in addition to growth regulators, contain micro- and macro-elements, and other substances necessary to stimulate growth processes, especially in conditions of moisture deficiency. The effectiveness of multicomponent growth activating preparations was studied on various agricultural crops (winter wheat, barley, sunflower, mustard, etc.). At the same time, the effect of durum spring wheat pre-sowing treatment under insufficient moisture conditions has not been studied enough. The purpose of the research. To study the effect of seed treatment with growth activating preparations with a different active substance composition on the durum spring wheat yield under insufficient moisture conditions. Research methodology. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the Kharkiv NAU named after V. V. Dokuchayev in 2018–2020. Seed treatment with Vympel, Regoplant, Vermistim and Gulliver preparations was carried out before sowing by the method of semi-dry dressing. Registration plot area was 10 m2. Research results and their discussion. It was found that pre-sowing growth stimulation by activating preparations Vympel and Vermistim promotes an increase in seed germination energy by 4–5 %, laboratory germination – by 2–3 %, field germination – by 5 % in comparing to control. Seed stimulation also had a positive effect on pre-harvest planting density and ear productivity. In case with Vympel, the number of productive ears per 1 m2 exceeded the control by 10 %, in case with Vermistim – by 12 %. At the same time, the mass of grain in an ear increased by 21,3 and 26,2 %, respectively. As a result of changes in the plant productivity elements, wheat productivity increased with the use of Pennant by 16 %, Vermistim – by 14 % of the control. In dry years, the effectiveness of these preparations was higher. A positive effect was also established when using the Gulliver and Regoplant for seed treatment, however, it was insignificant (3 and 4 %). Conclusions. The positive effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with multicomponent growth activating drugs Vympel and Vermistim on germination and the formation of the yield structure elements contributed to an increase in durum spring wheat grain productivity by 16 % and 14 % from control. The positive effect of the using these drugs increased under more stressful con
{"title":"Influence of seed pre-sowing treatment with growth activating preparations on the durum spring wheat productivity","authors":"O. Chigrin","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.025","url":null,"abstract":"To provide pasta production with native high-quality raw materials, it is necessary not only to expand the sown area of durum wheat, but also to increase its actual yield. In conditions of environmental crisis, the technology elements aimed at activating metabolic processes in a plant organism become more and more relevant, which makes it possible to significantly increase productivity while saving resources. Durum spring wheat is characterized by weak rooting and slow accumulation of vegetative mass, and is also sensitive to the lack of microelements in the soil. Therefore, it is important to study the effectiveness of complex preparations, which, in addition to growth regulators, contain micro- and macro-elements, and other substances necessary to stimulate growth processes, especially in conditions of moisture deficiency. The effectiveness of multicomponent growth activating preparations was studied on various agricultural crops (winter wheat, barley, sunflower, mustard, etc.). At the same time, the effect of durum spring wheat pre-sowing treatment under insufficient moisture conditions has not been studied enough.\u0000\u0000The purpose of the research. To study the effect of seed treatment with growth activating preparations with a different active substance composition on the durum spring wheat yield under insufficient moisture conditions.\u0000\u0000Research methodology. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the Kharkiv NAU named after V. V. Dokuchayev in 2018–2020. Seed treatment with Vympel, Regoplant, Vermistim and Gulliver preparations was carried out before sowing by the method of semi-dry dressing. Registration plot area was 10 m2.\u0000\u0000Research results and their discussion. It was found that pre-sowing growth stimulation by activating preparations Vympel and Vermistim promotes an increase in seed germination energy by 4–5 %, laboratory germination – by 2–3 %, field germination – by 5 % in comparing to control. Seed stimulation also had a positive effect on pre-harvest planting density and ear productivity. In case with Vympel, the number of productive ears per 1 m2 exceeded the control by 10 %, in case with Vermistim – by 12 %. At the same time, the mass of grain in an ear increased by 21,3 and 26,2 %, respectively. As a result of changes in the plant productivity elements, wheat productivity increased with the use of Pennant by 16 %, Vermistim – by 14 % of the control. In dry years, the effectiveness of these preparations was higher. A positive effect was also established when using the Gulliver and Regoplant for seed treatment, however, it was insignificant (3 and 4 %).\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The positive effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with multicomponent growth activating drugs Vympel and Vermistim on germination and the formation of the yield structure elements contributed to an increase in durum spring wheat grain productivity by 16 % and 14 % from control. The positive effect of the using these drugs increased under more stressful con","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126545192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.036
S.S. Spilnyk, A. Rozhkov, Y. Kiriyak
The article presents the results of three-year studies on the influence of various variants of the nutrition system on the field germination of seeds, the viability and survival rate of spring barley plants in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Formulation of the problem. Analysis of the spring barley yield in Ukraine indicates a significant lag behind the leading agrarian countries of the EU. Now there is a tendency for a gradual increase in its yield in Ukraine, in particular in 2018, 2019 and 2020 it was 2,75, 3,25 and 3,27 t/ha. At the same time, it is still half as much in comparison with the leading EU countries, which is why there is a need to look for ways to increase the yield of spring barley in specific growing conditions. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of various options for the main application of complex fertilizers and foliar dressing with various options for a mixture of urea, biostimulant and polymer fertilizers on field germination of seeds, viability and survival rate of spring barley plants in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Research methodology. The studies were carried out during 2018–2020 on the fields of the educational and experimental farm of the separate structural unit "Novokakhovskiy specialized college of the DmytroMotornyiTavria State Agrotechnological University", located in the central part of the Kakhovka district of the Kherson region. The two-way experiment was carried out by the split-section method in four repetitions and two tiers. Five options for the main application of mineral fertilizers and five options for foliar dressing were studied. The sowing area was 120 m2, and the counting area was 80 m2. Research results. In the course of the research, a tendency to increase the indices of field germination of seeds was established for all variants of the main application of complex fertilizers. It was the highest on the options for using ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer at the rate of N30P30K30 and N60P60K60 82.9 %, which is almost 2,0 % higher than in the control. The main application of fertilizers and foliar dressing, by improving nutrition and leveling exogenous stresses, significantly increased the viability and survival rate of spring barley plants. By optimizing the feeding system (variant of the main application of ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer N60P60K60, followed by two foliar dressings: during microphase 31 with a mixture of carbamide (N10 kg/ha), Efisoil Renovation at a dose of 0,4 l/ha and Folik Micro at a dose of 1,5 l/ha and during microphase 39 with a mixture of Efisoil Renovation at a dose of 0,4 l/ha together with Folik Micro at a dose of 3,0 l/ha), the safety and survival of plants was 5,6 and 10,5 % higher, respectively, than in the control. Thus, the optimization of the feeding system of spring barley, even under the condition of the same indicators of all other elements of the yield structure, only due to the higher survival rate o
{"title":"Field germination of seeds, the viability and survival rate of spring barley plants under various variants of the nutrition system in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"S.S. Spilnyk, A. Rozhkov, Y. Kiriyak","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.036","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of three-year studies on the influence of various variants of the nutrition system on the field germination of seeds, the viability and survival rate of spring barley plants in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Formulation of the problem. Analysis of the spring barley yield in Ukraine indicates a significant lag behind the leading agrarian countries of the EU. Now there is a tendency for a gradual increase in its yield in Ukraine, in particular in 2018, 2019 and 2020 it was 2,75, 3,25 and 3,27 t/ha. At the same time, it is still half as much in comparison with the leading EU countries, which is why there is a need to look for ways to increase the yield of spring barley in specific growing conditions.\u0000\u0000The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of various options for the main application of complex fertilizers and foliar dressing with various options for a mixture of urea, biostimulant and polymer fertilizers on field germination of seeds, viability and survival rate of spring barley plants in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Research methodology. The studies were carried out during 2018–2020 on the fields of the educational and experimental farm of the separate structural unit \"Novokakhovskiy specialized college of the DmytroMotornyiTavria State Agrotechnological University\", located in the central part of the Kakhovka district of the Kherson region. The two-way experiment was carried out by the split-section method in four repetitions and two tiers. Five options for the main application of mineral fertilizers and five options for foliar dressing were studied. The sowing area was 120 m2, and the counting area was 80 m2.\u0000\u0000Research results. In the course of the research, a tendency to increase the indices of field germination of seeds was established for all variants of the main application of complex fertilizers. It was the highest on the options for using ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer at the rate of N30P30K30 and N60P60K60 82.9 %, which is almost 2,0 % higher than in the control.\u0000\u0000The main application of fertilizers and foliar dressing, by improving nutrition and leveling exogenous stresses, significantly increased the viability and survival rate of spring barley plants. By optimizing the feeding system (variant of the main application of ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer N60P60K60, followed by two foliar dressings: during microphase 31 with a mixture of carbamide (N10 kg/ha), Efisoil Renovation at a dose of 0,4 l/ha and Folik Micro at a dose of 1,5 l/ha and during microphase 39 with a mixture of Efisoil Renovation at a dose of 0,4 l/ha together with Folik Micro at a dose of 3,0 l/ha), the safety and survival of plants was 5,6 and 10,5 % higher, respectively, than in the control.\u0000\u0000Thus, the optimization of the feeding system of spring barley, even under the condition of the same indicators of all other elements of the yield structure, only due to the higher survival rate o","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"87 3-4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116563411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-12DOI: 10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.086
А.V. Pylypchenko, M.B. Piskovyi, M. Orlov, А.V. Cvirinko
Today the group of companies “Arnika”, Hlobyne town, Poltava region, is one of the largest companies in Ukraine and in the world that grows agricultural crops using organic farming technologies. It is clear that in the transition from classical technologies to organic production there were a number of problems to solve which had to use both existing experience and new research. One of the branches of agriculture in Ukraine, which best meets the requirements of organic farming, is hemp growing. The biological properties of the crop play an important role in this matter, namely that they require almost no chemical protection against pests and diseases. The scope of raw materials from hemp is significantly expanding. Besides the traditional use in light, construction, pulp and paper, automotive and aircraft, chemical industries, hemp products began to be used for the manufacture of medicines, perfumes, cosmetics, high-quality oil, additives to many foods and others. It is the latest uses of hemp that require the use of environmentally friendly products that would be of high quality, greater demand and cost. The creation of varieties and hybrids of plants that meet the needs of the market is devoted to the research conducted during 2014-2020 and still currently continues. In this article, we have tried to show our research, achievements and conclusions. Initially, the plants with a reduced content of THC (0.01-0.001%) and an increased content of CBD (0.50-1.50%) and CBG (0.02-0.70%) in the variety Zolotoniski 15 were selected, and later the breeding work was continued with the varieties Globa, Lara, Sula and a number of future varieties that will be submitted for the state variety testing. In the first three years, the targeted selection in the direction of increasing the content of CBG in cannabis plants proved to be quite effective. But life sets new challenges and our search continues. Key words: cannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol (СBN), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabichromene (CBC), enzymes, precursors, breeding, technical hemp, variability, correlation.
{"title":"Improvement of the breeding process in hemp growing to saturate the varieties with useful cannabinoids","authors":"А.V. Pylypchenko, M.B. Piskovyi, M. Orlov, А.V. Cvirinko","doi":"10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35550/visnykagro2021.01-02.086","url":null,"abstract":"Today the group of companies “Arnika”, Hlobyne town, Poltava region, is one of the largest companies in Ukraine and in the world that grows agricultural crops using organic farming technologies. \u0000\u0000It is clear that in the transition from classical technologies to organic production there were a number of problems to solve which had to use both existing experience and new research. One of the branches of agriculture in Ukraine, which best meets the requirements of organic farming, is hemp growing. The biological properties of the crop play an important role in this matter, namely that they require almost no chemical protection against pests and diseases.\u0000\u0000The scope of raw materials from hemp is significantly expanding. Besides the traditional use in light, construction, pulp and paper, automotive and aircraft, chemical industries, hemp products began to be used for the manufacture of medicines, perfumes, cosmetics, high-quality oil, additives to many foods and others.\u0000\u0000It is the latest uses of hemp that require the use of environmentally friendly products that would be of high quality, greater demand and cost.\u0000\u0000The creation of varieties and hybrids of plants that meet the needs of the market is devoted to the research conducted during 2014-2020 and still currently continues.\u0000\u0000In this article, we have tried to show our research, achievements and conclusions.\u0000\u0000Initially, the plants with a reduced content of THC (0.01-0.001%) and an increased content of CBD (0.50-1.50%) and CBG (0.02-0.70%) in the variety Zolotoniski 15 were selected, and later the breeding work was continued with the varieties Globa, Lara, Sula and a number of future varieties that will be submitted for the state variety testing.\u0000\u0000In the first three years, the targeted selection in the direction of increasing the content of CBG in cannabis plants proved to be quite effective. But life sets new challenges and our search continues.\u0000\u0000 \u0000\u0000Key words: cannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol (СBN), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabichromene (CBC), enzymes, precursors, breeding, technical hemp, variability, correlation.","PeriodicalId":169602,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121279050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokychaiev. The series “Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable growing”
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：