Pain - Mechanism, Types, Pathways, And Management: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Pain is the most common symptom which brings a patient to the hospital. It is an unpleasant sensory or emotional experience that may or may not involve tissue damage. Understanding the mechanisms of pain is vital for the proper management of pain. Pain can be divided into acute and chronic pain on the basis of duration. Pain mechanisms are Nociceptive, Neuropathic, Nociplastic, and Psychogenic. Simple medications like acetaminophen can manage pain. However, uncontrolled pain may require opioids. Chronic and persistent pain may require pain management as per the WHO Ladder.