Nanotechnology and its application in agriculture biotechnology

Abstract

Nanomaterials have emerging applications in several areas like agriculture, biomedicalengineering, pharmaceutical engineering, and optical physics. The importance of thenanomaterials in various industries is due to its unique chemical, physical as well as biologicalproperties. According to ISO and ASTM guidelines, the size of nanoparticles varies from 1 to100 nm. The structure of nanoparticles exists in various dimensions, such as zero-dimension,one dimension, two dimensions, and three dimension. These nanomaterials are also classifiedinto multiple categories, such as inorganic and organic-based nanoparticles. Nanoparticleshave unique enhanced properties due to its high reactivity, small particle size, large surfacearea. Nanoparticles can be synthesized using several chemicals, physical as well as biologicalmethods. Nanotechnology plays a vital role in the agriculture field. It has an application incrop improvement, crop protection, water purification, remediation of toxic materials, foodprocessing, and packing. The chapter focused on the classification, properties, synthesismethods, characterization methods, and application of nanotechnology in agriculture.