SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL IDEAS OF VASYL SUKHOMLYNSKYI AND UKRAINIZATION: AREAS OF INTERSECTION

Abstract

The article describes the periodization of the pedagogical activity of V. Sukhomlynskyi, which is based on published and archival sources in the Ukrainian studies dimension and the leading factors in the formation of the personality of a well-known teacher are clarified. Special attention is given (paid) to the scientific-pedagogical concept developed by V. Sukhomlynskyi, which counteracted the efforts of the communist-imperial state apparatus, aimed at the assimilation of the Ukrainian people, at erasing its inherent national features. Pedagogical activity of Vasyl Oleksandrovych was aimed at exalting the Ukrainian nation, forming patriotism; he wanted that every teenager gradually develops a personal attitude towards the Motherland: a desire, a spiritual urge to confirm its dignity, greatness, honour, glory, and power. An analysis of V. Sukhomlynskyi's creative heritage proves that the formation of his pedagogical views began in 1945–1948. Despite the fact that V. Sukhomlynskyi was educated and brought up under the conditions of a totalitarian regime aimed at Russification, he managed to remain a true patriot, a Ukrainian intellectual who cheered for his native people. The pedagogical heritage of V. Sukhomlynskyi must be considered in the context of the historical period when his formation took place as a teacher and scientist. Simultaneously with the spread of Ukrainization of education, the issue of providing teaching staff for newly created Ukrainian schools became acute. In particular, in 1923, the shortage of national teaching staff was catastrophic – with a need for 100,000 teachers, there were actually 45,000, a significant percentage of whom had a low level of pedagogical and general education. It should be noted that during the early period of Soviet history (1921–1926), the intellectual atmosphere of society was quite free. The national idea was not rejected, but only combined with the idea of internationalism.