Spatial nonlinear effects with higher order modes in LiNbO3 waveguide arrays

Abstract

We present theoretical and experimental studies on nonlinear beam propagation in lithium niobate waveguide arrays utilizing higher order second harmonic bands. We find that the implementation of the higher order second harmonic bands leads to a number of new effects. The combined interaction of two second harmonic bands with a propagating fundamental beam can lead to a complete inhibition of nonlinear effects or to the formation of discrete spatial solitons, depending only on the wavelength of the fundamental wave. Furthermore we analyze the properties of discrete solitons subjected to linear coupling of the second harmonic. Here we predict and demonstrate experimentally a power dependent phase transition of the soliton topology.