Holter monitoring in the evaluation and rehabilitation of post-cerebrovascular accident patients.

Abstract

Coronary artery disease, overt or silent, is frequently present in patients who have suffered a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Rehabilitation therapy of CVA patients is based mostly on physical activity, which may be limited by fear of overloading the cardiovascular system. Therefore, assessment of the severity of coronary heart disease in CVA patients is of utmost importance. In this study we assessed the usefulness of 24-hour electrocardiographic Holter monitoring in the evaluation of post-CVA patients during daily activities and rehabilitation. Of the 43 post-CVA patients, 24 (55.8%) revealed pathological changes on Holter monitoring and 17 (71%) had a history of coronary artery disease prior to CVA. Holter monitoring revealed mainly ventricular and atrial arrhythmias and in three patients detected transient ischaemic episodes. Only six patients (14%) showed aggravation of arrhythmia during rehabilitation therapy, without aggravation of ST-T changes. The mean maximum heart rate during regular daily activities was 104 +/- 20 beats/min, which was significantly higher than the mean maximum heart rate during physical therapy (100 +/- 18 beats/min; p less than 0.01) and during occupational therapy (87 +/- 18 beats/min; p less than 0.001). These findings indicate that more vigorous physical and occupational therapy can be prescribed to these patients. The performance of Holter monitoring in post-CVA patients is a valuable substitute to exercise testing, and is useful for cardiovascular evaluation during daily activities and rehabilitation therapy.