C. Heske, G. Richter, Zhonghui Chen, R. Fink, E. Umbach, W. Riedl, F. Karg
{"title":"Influence of humidity on polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Se/sub 2/ thin films for solar cells: a study of Na and H/sub 2/O coadsorption","authors":"C. Heske, G. Richter, Zhonghui Chen, R. Fink, E. Umbach, W. Riedl, F. Karg","doi":"10.1109/PVSC.1996.564264","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, UPS) has been employed to study the influence of humidity on external and internal surfaces of RTP-processed polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Se/sub 2/ thin films for solar cells. Various interactions of deliberately deposited or segregated Na with adsorbed H/sub 2/O have been found. The Na content at the CIGS surface is changed by an H/sub 2/O-induced segregation of Na at low temperatures (100 K) and by reaction and desorption at higher temperatures. Further reactions, such as the passivation of as-deposited \"metallic\" Na and the formation of a Na-O-CIGS complex influence the electronic structure (i.e. the workfunction and band bending) and are thus of great importance for the electrical performance of corresponding solar cells.","PeriodicalId":410394,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the Twenty Fifth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1996","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1996-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"5","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Conference Record of the Twenty Fifth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1996","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.1996.564264","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Abstract
Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, UPS) has been employed to study the influence of humidity on external and internal surfaces of RTP-processed polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Se/sub 2/ thin films for solar cells. Various interactions of deliberately deposited or segregated Na with adsorbed H/sub 2/O have been found. The Na content at the CIGS surface is changed by an H/sub 2/O-induced segregation of Na at low temperatures (100 K) and by reaction and desorption at higher temperatures. Further reactions, such as the passivation of as-deposited "metallic" Na and the formation of a Na-O-CIGS complex influence the electronic structure (i.e. the workfunction and band bending) and are thus of great importance for the electrical performance of corresponding solar cells.
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