Assistance for the Elderly with Dementia by Caregivers at the Nursing Home

Tri Suratmi, Jumiarti Jumiarti, D. Agustin, T. Rahardjo
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Abstract

The incidence of Alzheimer's dementia worldwide is increasing rapidly. It is estimated that nearly 50 million people are diagnosed with dementia worldwide and 20.9 million in Asia Pacific. In Indonesia, it is estimated that there were around 1.2 million people with dementia in 2016, which will increase to 2 million in 2030 and 4 million people in 2050. The elderly/people with dementia need assistance from family members to carry out daily activities because of its limitations. This research aims to understand the needs of elderly people with dementia and caregivers who accompany them in nursing homes, to develop dignified services. The research was conducted in Jakarta with 22 research subjects, consisting of 10 elderly with dementia and ten caregivers as the primary informants and two key informants who were the caretakers of the nursing home. The method used is qualitative, with data collection techniques through participant observation, in-depth interviews, document studies, and Focus Group Discussions. Data analysis used the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method. The results showed that all elderly with dementia had a history of comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, psychosis, insomnia, dyslipidemia, presbycusis), so they experienced moderate to severe dependence, which indicated the need for long-term care. Meanwhile, all caregivers are formal caregivers (not from the family) but have not received adequate education and training on dementia and methods of assisting the elderly with dementia.
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护理院护理人员为患有痴呆症的长者提供的协助
在世界范围内,阿尔茨海默病的发病率正在迅速增加。据估计,全世界有近5000万人被诊断患有痴呆症,亚太地区有2090万人被诊断患有痴呆症。据估计,2016年印度尼西亚约有120万人患有痴呆症,到2030年将增加到200万人,到2050年将增加到400万人。长者/失智症人士在日常活动上受到限制,需要家人协助。本研究旨在了解失智长者及照顾者在养老院的需求,以发展有尊严的服务。研究在雅加达进行,共有22名研究对象,其中10名老年痴呆症患者和10名护理人员作为主要信息提供人,2名主要信息提供人是养老院的护理人员。使用的方法是定性的,通过参与观察、深度访谈、文献研究和焦点小组讨论来收集数据。数据分析采用解释现象学分析(IPA)方法。结果显示,老年痴呆患者均有合并症(高血压、糖尿病、中风、精神病、失眠、血脂异常、老年性痴呆)病史,存在中度至重度依赖,需要长期护理。与此同时,所有护理人员都是正式的护理人员(不是来自家庭),但没有接受过有关痴呆症和帮助老年痴呆症患者方法的充分教育和培训。
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