A method of testing residual stress by ultrasonic shear and longitudinal waves

Q. Pan, Yu Mi, Y. Wei, Yanfei Ren
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

Acoustoelasticity provides a significant method for testing the residual stress on the mechanical components. This leads to use the ultrasonic methods to detect residual stress. However, the influence on the detection precision resulted from the uneven thickness of tested components and the inaccurate stress coefficient obtained by the tensile experiment because of the tensile deformation. To address the difficulty in testing the residual stress distribution in the depth direction or the bolt axial direction, this study proposes a new method by combining ultrasonic shear and longitudinal waves based on acoustoelasticity theory. Meanwhile, the formulas also been provided. In addition, by the bolts which are made of austenitic stainless steel (A2-70), low-carbon steel (4.8) and carbon steel (8.8), a comparison of ultrasonic testing methods and tensile testing also has been given. In the end, the results show that the absolute error limit is 20MPa and the relative error of the testing method is less than 25%. Therefore, the new methods can be widely applied in the detection of the residual stress in the depth direction.
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一种用超声剪切波和纵波测试残余应力的方法
声弹性力学为检测机械部件的残余应力提供了一种重要的方法。这导致使用超声波的方法来检测残余应力。然而,由于被测部件的厚度不均匀,以及拉伸变形导致拉伸实验得到的应力系数不准确,影响了检测精度。针对锚杆深度方向或锚杆轴向残余应力难以检测的问题,提出了基于声弹性理论的超声剪切与纵波相结合的残余应力检测方法。同时给出了计算公式。此外,还对奥氏体不锈钢(A2-70)、低碳钢(4.8)和碳钢(8.8)制造的螺栓进行了超声检测方法和拉伸试验的比较。结果表明,该测试方法的绝对误差极限为20MPa,相对误差小于25%。因此,新方法可广泛应用于深度方向残余应力的检测。
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