Transient Frequency Response Model-Based Energy Storage Optimum Size in Power Systems

Abstract

A method for formulating system frequency response (SFR) model-derived frequency indexes into optimum framework of sizing energy storage systems (ESSs) that participate in frequency control in power systems is presented. A novel simplified SFR model, approximating frequency and governor responses with quadratic and linear functions respectively, is first developed, leading to a fast and accurate computation of the frequency indexes such as frequency deviations. Then, taking the frequency and governor response limit constraints into account, algorithms are proposed to search for optimal size and controller parameters for the ESS during transient frequency control (TFC). The performance of the ESS controllers with optimum parameters (OP) and constant parameters (CP) is evaluated by comparing the frequency and governor responses for wind power fluctuations. The proposed method is found to be more efficient than the CP-based method in attenuating frequency deviations, requiring low energy capacity, and reducing charge/discharge cycles.