Effect of linear and circular polarized waves of SHF and EHF bands on human buccal epithelium cells

Abstract

An increase of the negative charge of human nuclei has been revealed under conditions of the extremely-high frequency (EHF) irradiation during which the effect mentioned is greatly expressed for circular (right) polarization. At present, the universally adapted point of view explaining the mechanisms of SHF and EHF electromagnetic wave influence on live organisms has not been formed yet, though the trustworthiness of biological effects within the indicated bands is beyond any doubt. Research on the polarization characteristics of SHF and EHF influence on bio-objects at the cell level are of great interest. It is possible to suppose that the frequency and energetic properties of cell response will depend on electromagnetic field polarization characteristics (linear, right or left hand circular polarization). In experiments, SHF- and EHF-sources of electromagnetic radiation have been applied with the following parameters: the SHF-source had /spl lambda/ = 1.6 cm, output power P = 14 mW, power flow density - 700 /spl mu/W/cm/sup 2/, exposure time - 4 minutes. The EHF irradiation source (generator /spl Gamma/4 - 141) was fitted with a device for automatic frequency scanning over the range from 37 to 53 GHz (power flow density = 10 mW/cm/sup 2/, exposure time 20 seconds). Devices to obtain linear, right and left hand polarizations were used in both sources. Buccall epithelium cells were used as the object of the research. The cells were placed into the solution: 3.03 mM phosphate buffer, pH = 7.0, with addition of 2.89 mM CaCl/sub 2/. The effect of SHF and EHF fields of linear and circular (right and left) polarization was investigated. The influence criteria adopted was the electrophoretic mobility of the cells, i.e. the quantity of electronegative cell nuclei (ENN index, in percent) shifted in the electromagnetic field of a special camera with current 100 /spl mu/A and field voltage - 15 V/cm. Counting of ENN was carried out within 5 min. and 1 hour after irradiation. It was evident from the investigation that the SHF irradiation of all polarization types unchanged ENN index (in January-February). Under EHF irradiation condition (July - September) the of ENN index was maximized on 26.0% compared to control (36%). This process did not depend on the type of, polarization. In the experiments carried out late in February - March, when an organism is weakened and ENN index in control is low (32%) compared to standard norm, the EHF irradiation initiated also an index increase as for control, however, in this case at right polarization the increase was 25.3% and it was a maximal one. This tendency remained after 1 hour irradiation. The results obtained witness of the increase of cell ENN index under EHF irradiation and no changes under SHF irradiation. The data obtained witness of more expressed stimulating effect of EHF cell irradiation at right hand polarization. The effect is not stable and depends on the initial value of the ENN index.