5G Oriented Optical Communications in Highspeed Trains: A Review

Abstract

With increasing of high speed train (HST) in all over the world, users' requirements for communications are constantly improving in HST scenario. Although the fifth generation (5G) communication systems provided high rate data services in HST, yet it restricted for the signal bandwidth and spectrum license. In order to enhance the HST communication performances, optical communication technologies are applied in HST. Hence, in this work, we focus on the optical wave as transmission carrier in HST communication. In communication process, experienced frequent handover, limited coverage of base station and changed of environment factors are most challenges. For overcoming those obstacles, several optical communication systems are proposed in recent year. Several researchers are proposed optical wireless communication (OWC) systems which are optimized the communications barriers in HST. Beside, the optical fiber communication (OFC) systems are used to strengthen the capacity of HST communication. Moreover, plentiful experiments are established for studied the optical communication performances, which are set up consisted of car is replaced with train, simulated HST scenario in lab and tested in reality HST scenario.