Effects of high-intensity interval exercise on obesity

Abstract

: With the increasing improvement of people's living standards, obesity has become a chronic disease all over the world, which can make people's physical shape and various physical indicators abnormal, resulting in a variety of complications, posing a threat to people's lives. Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the complications caused by Osteoporosis, which is mainly characterized by decreased bone density and easy to fracture. Obese people with OP have a higher probability of fracture than normal people. Once fracture occurs, they will lose their ability to exercise and may even threaten their lives. Exercise is one of the measures against obesity. High-intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has been widely used in the field of weight loss, and the right amount of exercise can prevent OP. In this paper, a large number of literature was reviewed to find out the possible mechanism of HIIT in preventing and treating OP in obese people, so as to reduce the probability of obesity and obese people suffering from OP. relationship. Studies have found that increased fat mass and body fat percentage are positively correlated with bone mineral density, obesity can increase bone mineral density, and higher bone mineral density can reduce the occurrence of OP [12]. Another study found that obesity was highly correlated with OP, and the increase of abdominal fat was negatively correlated with bone mineral density. The more abdominal fat accumulated, the greater the impact on bone mineral density, and the corresponding increase in the prevalence of OP. AbDOMinal fat is composed of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Studies have shown that VAT has a negative effect on OP, while SAT and OP have a positive effect [11] . Vat can secrete a large amount of Leptin (LEP). Other studies have found that LEP receptors exist on the surface of osteoblast (OB) and chondrocytes, and LEP can reduce differentiation of osteoclast (OC) and accelerate OB division, mineralization of bone minerals, and accelerate collagen synthesis [13] . LEP in the human body is positively correlated with body mass and fat content. Compared with normal body weight, serum LEP level of obese patients is significantly higher. ObESE individuals secrete more LEP due to fat, which has a protective effect on OP. However, obese people have LEP resistance, so LEP cannot play its due role [14] , the mechanism may be that LEP passes through the blood-brain barrier. It enters the skull and activates the OB-Rb receptor in the hypothalamus, so that the hypothalamus is stimulated to secrete inhibitory OB factor [15] . VAT can also cause inflammation and promote the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Inflammation plays a key role in OP. Inflammatory cytokines produced by fat cells link obesity its metabolism-producing diseases, Tumor necrosis factor- α (TN F- α) , interleukin (interleukin) and TNF- α the main inflammatory cytokines . IL- , IL-6, transforming growth