THE DEPENDENCE OF THE PARAMETERS OF DAILY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING ON BODY MASS INDEX IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Abstract

In the XXI century, the problem of overweight and obesity affects the formation of cardiovascular risk becomes increasingly relevant. Arterial hypertension (AH) combined with common risk factors such as dyslipidemia, obesity, hypodynamia, smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM) causes at least 70–75% of stroke, 80–90% of myocardial infarctions, leading to premature disability and mortality of patients. The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the daily profile of blood pressure with BMI in patients with hypertension in stage 2. Materials and methods. 120 persons with AH stage II were screened and divided into 2 groups according to body mass index (BMI). 60 patients with BMI 18–25 kg/m 2 belonged to the Ist group and 60 patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 belonged to the IInd group. All patients had general-clinical, anthropometric studies with measurements of height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), daily blood pressure monitoring. Results and discussion. According to the daily profile of blood pressure, among the patients of both groups revealed: "dippers" – 43 (35.8%), non-dippers – 71 (59.2%), "over-dippers" – 2 men (1.7 %), "night-payers" – 4 people (3.3%). In the group with BMI 18– 25 kg/m 2 , 53.3% of the patients had a physiological rhythm, 43.3% of patients had the phenomenon of "non-dippers". At the same time, among 80% of patients in the BMI group ≥ 25 kg/m 2 had an adverse profile of non-dippers (73.3%) and 6.7% had night-hypertension “night-peakers”. Determination of the time index of hypertension showed that, the average daily level of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in group II is 1.3 times as much as in group I (p <0.05). It is important that the increase in the daily level of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in group II was 1.6 times higher than that of group I, and also significantly exceeded the level of SBP in group II (p <0.05). And it was also found that patients in group II had significantly increased the speed of morning rise of SBP and DBP in comparison with the Ist group of patients (p <0,05). Conclusions. In patients with hypertension in stage 2 and BMI > 25 kg/m 2 , 73.3% of non-dippers were found, and 6.7% of those with night-hypertension were night-peakers. This significantly exceeds the rates of patients with hypertension in stage 2 without excess weight. Patients with stage 2 of hypertension and obesity had significantly higher values of