Ranking of Autonomous Alternatives for the Realization of Intralogistics Activities in Sustainable Warehouse Systems using the TOPSIS Method

Abstract

The requirement for intralogistics activities to be automated has been impacted by current trends based on the impact of Industry 4.0, the growth of e-commerce, the emergence of the consumer society, the rise in demand for logistics services, etc. Automatization of warehouse intralogistics is fundamental in aiming quickly responds to all user requests. The most common intralogistics equipment in warehouses is the forklift. However, its engagement results in a low level of automation. Consequently, it is useful to implement autonomous technology, such as automated guided vehicles (AGVs), automated mobile robots (AMRs), and drones, to have sustainable intralogistics activities. In addition to advantages and limitations, their application in practice increases performance, adaptability, system efficiency, customer satisfaction, and accuracy and contributes to the efficiency of the entire supply chain. The operating environment is more humane, environmental standards are respected, and certain economic advantages are achieved. These technologies are compared using eight criteria and the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. AMR was selected as the most suitable option for implementing intralogistics activities. As the automation of intralogistics activities affects the entire supply chain, AMR is the solution that satisfies the social, environmental, and economic requirements of sustainable supply chain management.