Evaluating an in-vivo surgical training demonstration over broadband internet

Abstract

This paper evaluates a demonstration of in-vivo (live) surgery over a broadband Internet connection between the USA and Australia. Two specific targets of the evaluation are the use of remote 3D video display of the laparoscopic surgery and the structure of the demonstration to replicate actual surgical training in the operating room. The evaluation materials include preliminary design and preparation records, recordings of the two-way video data and of the surgical video, exit questionnaires, debriefing discussion notes and follow-up interviews with the participants. Prior work in this area is surveyed and the demonstration is positioned with respect to this work. Conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of the two key aspects of the demonstration and about possibilities for future work.