Pecularities of the use of folkloric motif about seduction of the girl in the storys of H. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko and in the novels of M. Hvylovyі

Abstract

Based on the works of Ukrainian sentimentalism representative Hryhoriy Kvitka-Osnovyanenko and modernist writer Mykola Hvylovyі the specifics of a popular in Ukrainian literature area plot on a girl seduction by a stranger man, whose behavior contradicts the traditional habitual rules of a peasant community, is analyzed. The stories by Hryhoriy Kvitka-Osnovyanenko «Unfortunate Oksana» and «Marysіa» and Mykola Hvylovyі «Life» and «Cat in the shoes» were chosen for the analysis due to the fact that in both of them was used as the key story creator the plot about a raped slave girl. This gives the possibility to conclude comparative analysis of literature works aimed at the investigation of peculiarities on the life of plot dynamics in the context of ideological and aesthetic guidelines of both different cultural and historic era. The problem of diachrony of gender approaches to the image creation of marginalized social archetype of a raped girl starting from the typical for traditional society absolutely negative attitude up to the modern ambivalence of its perception is also investigated in the article. Moreover, the attention is concentrated on both moral and ethical as well as aesthetic and stylistic aspects of the author’s treatment of folklore motif by the representatives of different cultural and historical era and stylistic flows in Ukrainian literature. The story of Hryhoriy Kvitka-Osnovyanenko is considered as a bright sample of segmentalism invariant with the clear orientation on religion depiction of patriarch peasant society and its idealization of predisposition to tradition dominance which was further developed in the typical for Ukrainian literature during the next two centuries rustic discourse dominance. In contrast the novel of Mykola Hvylovyі «Cat in the shoes» captures the situation of tradition break in a postrevolutionary society and the modernism collision when ‛marginal becomes central’ which is specially depicted in the image of a neglected in a patriarchal society woman which broke the requirements of  traditional moral laws that are in general tolerant in terms of the attitude towards her in the conditions of Ukrainian reality in the 20th of XX century. The object of investigation is also the nature of empathy of both authors concerning their characters which is widely varied with a range of emotions starting from a mentor disapproval, compassion and sympathy and up to enthusiasm and a certain and reasonable warning concerning the future dominance of gender and socially declassified personalities in the conditions of non-stable moral principles as well as the principles of a new social formation.