EVALUATION OF SOME PLANT EXTRACTS, DIFFERENT CULTIVARS AND FUNGICIDES IN CONTROLLING TOMATO WILT DISEASE

Abstract

Tomato Fusarial wilt is very dangerous diease which affect the plant growth and yield production. This work was carried out to achieve some alternative control methods instead of using fungicides in order to control this disease Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was isolated from six Egyptian governorates (Minufiya, Alexandria, Aswan, Behera, Sharqiya and Matrouh) with different frequency (25 42); respectively at Alexandria and Minufiya. Pathoganicity test experiments showed that the most aggressive isolates were No 7 and No.9, obtained from Behera and Minufiya respectively. While the least aggressive ones were isolate (1) and (2) obtained from Alexandria and Aswan. Laboratory experiments cleared that the best plant water extract for reducing the fungal growth were camphor and nerium and the least effective ones were aloe vera and pricklypear. In general, increasing the concentration of any tested plant extract reduced the fungal growth. All tested fungicides reduced the growth of both isolates (7&9) compared than control; significantly. Increasing the Concentration of any fungicide, significantly reduced the fungal growth. Brivio cultivar was the least susceptible one to wilt disease caused by isolate (9) of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici under greenhouse conditions. While Elissa cultivar was the most susceptible one. Aloe vera and nerium plant water extract were most effective ones for improving growth and reducing wilt disease symptoms increasing the concentration of any tested plant extract (5-1020%) showed more positive results, both in plant growth and disease reduction. Prevecure energy and Tachigaren fungicides gave the best results in reducing the wilt disease parameters and improving Elissa tomato cultivar growth.