Multi-resolution signal processing techniques for airborne radar

Abstract

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) exploits very high spatial resolution via temporal integration and own-ship motion to reduce the background clutter power in a given resolution cell to allow detection of non-moving targets. Ground moving target indicator (GMTI) radar, on the other hand, employs much lower resolution processing, but exploits the physical aperture and relative differences in the space-time response between moving targets and clutter for detection. Therefore, SAR and GMTl represent two different temporal processing resolution scales which have typically been optimized and demonstrated independently to work well for detecting either stationary (in the case of SAR) or exo-clutter (in the case of GMTI) targets. Based on this multi-resolution interpretation of airborne radar data processing, there appears to be an opportunity to develop detection techniques that attempt to optimize the signal processing resolution scale (e.g., length of temporal integration) to match the dynamics of a target of interest. The paper investigates signal processing techniques that exploit long CPIs (coherent processing intervals) to improve the detection performance of GMTl radar.