Calcium and bone metabolism

N. Gittoes, R. Eastell
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Abstract

This chapter covers calcium and bone metabolism. It starts with the physiology of bone, investigation of the bones, imaging, mass measurements, and biopsy, then goes on to investigation of calcium, phosphate, and magnesium. Urine excretion and calcium-regulating hormones are explained. It goes on to hypercalcaemia, primary hyperparathyroidism and its treatment, vitamin D intoxication, sarcoidosis, and hypocalcaemia. Vitamin D deficiency, Paget’s disease, and inherited disorders of bone are all included. The pathology, epidemiology, presentation, investigation, and treatment of osteoporosis are covered in detail.
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钙和骨代谢
本章涵盖钙和骨代谢。它从骨骼的生理学、骨骼的研究、成像、质量测量和活组织检查开始,然后是钙、磷酸盐和镁的研究。尿排泄和钙调节激素的解释。接着是高钙血症、原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进及其治疗、维生素D中毒、结节病和低钙血症。维生素D缺乏、佩吉特病和遗传性骨骼疾病都包括在内。详细介绍了骨质疏松症的病理、流行病学、表现、调查和治疗。
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