Non‐Storage Poly‐(R)‐3‐hydroxyalkanoates (Complexed PHAs) in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Abstract

Introduction Historical Outline Complexes of cPHB with Inorganic Polyphosphates (cPHB/polyP) Protein-associated cPHAs Occurrence and Distribution of cPHAs Synthesis and Degradation of cPHAs Physical Properties of cPHAs Transbilayer Ion Transport by OHB Transbilayer Ion Transport by cPHB/polyP Complexes cPHB/polyP Complexes from E. coli in Planar Lipid Bilayers Synthetic Ion Channels from cPHB128 and PolyP Characteristics of cPHB/PolyP Ion Channels Structure of cPHB/PolyP Complexes Mechanism of cPHA/PolyP Channel Activity Putative Functions of cPHB/PolyP Complexes Protein-associated cPHAs Eubacteria Eukaryotes cPHA as Agents in Human Disease Atherosclerosis Diabetes Methods Isolation of cPHA Proteins Determination of cPHAs Evolutionary Aspects and Conclusions Outlook and Perspectives Keywords: complexed poly-(R)-3-hydroxyalkanoate; complexed poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; eukaryote; inorganic polyphosphate; poly-(R)-3-hydroxyalkanoate; poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; prokaryote