КОГНІТИВНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ЗБІЛЬШЕННЯ ПІЗНАВАЛЬНИХ РЕСУРСІВ ТА ПОКРАЩЕННЯ РОЗУМОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЛІТНЬОЇ ЛЮДИНИ

Abstract

Urgency of the research. In terms of increasing the duration of human life and the aging of the population around the world, it is relevant to study the features of the mental activity of the elderly in order to improve it. Target setting. With age, the risk of dangerous brain diseases with various forms of senile dementia increases. Learning to restore brain cells, reprogram the brain, preventing rapid aging is extremely important. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Important postulates for the study of cognitive features of the elderly were the statements of S. Freud, K. Jung, A. Adler. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Ideas of S. Freud, K. Jung, A. Adler not enough used in scientific gerontology. The research objective. The purpose of this article is to reveal the essence of the cognitive approach to the development of the personality of elderly, increase cognitive resources, and improve their mental activity. The statement of basic materials. When diagnosing cognitive processes, the levels of intelligence "fluid" (innate inclinations and abilities) and "crystallized" (acquired knowledge, skills, and abilities of cognitive activity) appear. with constant mental activity in old age the last one does not deteriorate, but on the contrary increases, is characterized by a sufficient level of general education, awareness, relies on experience, and is closely related to wisdom. Conclusions. Cognitive-behavioral approaches should be used for therapeutic purposes in the treatment of cognitive disorders among the elderly (elimination/reduction of symptoms of brain disease, prevention of relapses, improving the effectiveness of drug treatment), as well as the development and improvement of cognitive abilities. The latter requires a change in psychological attitudes, thoughts, attitudes to life, the formation of positive behavioral patterns.