A 50% duty cycle wide-locking range divide-by-3 divider up to 6GHz

Abstract

A synchronous 50% duty cycle divide-by-3 divider up to 6GHz is presented in this paper. The proposed architecture is composed of three identical delay cells with active inductor tank, which are injected by 3 input current with 120° phase splitting. The input current is provided by a double-balanced mixer mixing the outputs of the delay cells with the input clock signal. These cells are not stand alone, but coupled with each other. Thanks to the coupling and input current with 120° phase splitting, the outputs of the three cells are locked at the 1/3 input frequencies with 60°phase splitting, which means that the outputs are of an accurate 50% duty cycle. Injection behavior model is proposed for analysis, and some design guidelines are acquired here. This divider is fabricated in 0.18µm CMOS process and works with a nominal supply voltage of 1.8V. The measured results indicate that the locking range of this divider is 4GHz (from 2.5GHz to 6.5GHz) at an input power of 0dBm with about 4mW power dissipation. As high as 28dB second harmonic suppression of a single-ended output proves that this proposed divider realizes a true 50% duty cycle signal.