Pollinators: Their Relevance in Conservation and Sustainable Agro-Ecosystem

M. Nitharwal, Rashmi Rolania, Hanuman Singh Jatav, Krishno Chandra, Mudassar Ahmed Khan, Subhita Kumawat, Sanjay Kumar Attar, Shish Ram Dhaka
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Abstract

Survival and reproduction of several wild plants and crops is mostly by insects pollinator, their recognition and importance have been increased in this climatic changing scenario, which affects the various aspects of their life cycle. According to an estimate, approximately 30,000 species of bees are known in entomology, and about 190 species of bees have been reported to be associated with pollination. There can be an established link between seed production and pollinator diversity, for the plants with a generalist pollination system. The increasing of human habitation affects insect pollinators in various ways, i.e. of habitat destruction, results in low availability of food sources, nesting, oviposition, resting, and mating sites. Pollinator availability restraints the geographical distribution of plant species, i.e. to develop an ecological niche of certain plant species. Failure of pollinator- plant interaction mutualism results in lower seed production and sometimes extirpation of plant population has been recorded. The declining pollinators’ population strengthens existing plant-pollinator interaction or allows new pant pollinator interaction to form. Maintaining the commercial and wild pollinator populations and preventing future shortages of pollination services, therefore, is extremely significant.
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传粉媒介:它们在保护和可持续农业生态系统中的意义
一些野生植物和作物的生存和繁殖主要依靠昆虫传粉,它们在这种气候变化情景下的认可度和重要性日益提高,影响着它们生命周期的各个方面。据估计,昆虫学中已知的蜜蜂约有3万种,据报道,与授粉有关的蜜蜂约有190种。对于具有通才传粉系统的植物来说,种子产量与传粉者多样性之间可能存在既定的联系。人类栖息地的增加以各种方式影响昆虫传粉媒介,即栖息地的破坏,导致食物来源、筑巢、产卵、休息和交配场所的减少。传粉者的可用性限制了植物物种的地理分布,即限制了某些植物物种的生态位的形成。传粉者-植物相互作用的失败导致种子产量下降,有时甚至导致植物种群灭绝。传粉者数量的减少加强了现有的植物-传粉者相互作用或允许新的传粉者相互作用的形成。因此,维持商业和野生传粉媒介的种群数量并防止未来传粉服务的短缺是极其重要的。
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