[Permanent tracheostomy in rats].

B Czermak, A Knoflach, D Ofner, G Klima, R Margreiter
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Abstract

For bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) after lung transplantation in the rat two different tubes for creation of a permanent tracheostoma were devised and tested. Typ I was of plastic material and required closure of the trachea oral of the tube thus excluding the upper respiratory tract for breathing. All these animals deprived of their sense of smell and direction died within 50 hours despite optimal husbandry. Typ II was a T-shaped metall tube allowing normal nasal breathing. This tube was well tolerated by the animals and facilitated repeated BAL. BAL on day 3 following tracheotomy with 5% lymphocytes, 2% polymorphonuclear leukocytes and 95% alveolar macrophages was considered to be normal when compared with human findings. An increase in polymorphonuclear leucocytes and epithelial cells together with bacteria on day 6 was believed to be due to tracheobronchitis. This assumption was supported by the fact, that both cell types and the number of bacteria significantly decreased 3 days later. A steady increase of lymphocytes seems to be associated with repeated BAL.

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大鼠永久性气管切开术。
为大鼠肺移植后的支气管肺泡灌洗(BAL),设计并测试了两种不同的永久性气管造瘘管。I型是塑料材质的,需要封闭气管口,从而排除上呼吸道呼吸。所有这些失去嗅觉和方向感的动物都在50小时内死亡,尽管进行了最佳的饲养。II型是一种t形的金属管,允许正常的鼻腔呼吸。这种试管对动物有良好的耐受性,并有助于重复BAL。气管切开后第3天BAL出现5%淋巴细胞、2%多形核白细胞和95%肺泡巨噬细胞,与人比较正常。在第6天,多形核白细胞和上皮细胞以及细菌的增加被认为是由于气管支气管炎。这一假设得到了事实的支持,即3天后细胞类型和细菌数量都显著减少。淋巴细胞的稳定增加似乎与反复的BAL有关。
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