LABOUR MARKET AND PECULIARITIES OF INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL PANDEMIC

M. Tsartsidze, N. Latsabidze
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

In terms of overcoming the socio-economic problems in Georgia, great importance is attached to efficient functioning of the labour market. It must ensure a radical change the sphere of social-labour relations, accordingly, efficient overcoming the chronic unemployment in the country and efficient employment of labour force. The results of the research confirms, that adequate labour market of normal market environment is still on the formation stage with serious problems and challenges which is developed in Georgia. In 1990s at the initial stage of formation the national labour market difficult economic situation which was in the country, give a push negative developments in the field of labour relations, among which before nowadays invincible challenge is the growing trend of informal employment. It can be said, that this one took on a large-scale character in the current period of financial and economic crisis caused by the global pandemic. In fact, the informal sector in Georgia has become an independent segment of the labour market, which has a significant impact on employment of the population, standard of living and on the overall process of economic development. Informal employment, as an important study socio-economic event and phenomenon, assess its level and scale, it can be said convincingly that it will not lose its relevance for many years. Negative consequences of informal employment, needs analysis and evaluation factors affecting the influx of economically active population into the informal sector of the labour market. Also its important discuss and evaluate the positive aspects of informal employment in the short term, which manifested in facilitation reasons socio-economic and psychological consequences of unemployment. In the work researched certain aspects of informal employment, analyzed its forms, faces, identified peculiarities of informal employment and rated its scale against the background of the global pandemic. Substantiated, that informal segment of the labour market requires depth research and evaluation. By the research identified the main factors for the growth and development of employment in the informal sector of economy in the Georgian labour market, from which we must distinguish: high levels and scale of poverty in the country, chronic unemployment and inefficient employment; insecurity social principle of justice in the field of employment; equal employment opportunities for job seekers; lack of proper conditions for equal realization of labour rights; population low availability on different types of labour market services and events, inadequate rates of economic development; reduced demand for labour, accordingly limited employment opportunities and prospects; low level and quality of development of vocational education system, which not fully focused on labour market demands, social protection of the unemployed, none of insurance mechanism; difficulties in training and retraining the unemployed; low level of remuneration; low level of stimulation, motivation and labour organization, underdevelopment of labour market infrastructure and its management information system, problems in the field of management and regulation of social-labour relations, which connected to the development of the legislative-normative base, lack of a complete mechanism for controlling the working conditions of employees and etc. The main results of the research are summarized in the concluding part of the work
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全球大流行病背景下的劳动力市场和非正规就业的特点
在克服格鲁吉亚的社会经济问题方面,非常重视劳动力市场的有效运作。它必须确保从根本上改变社会劳动关系领域,从而有效地克服该国的长期失业和有效地雇用劳动力。研究结果证实,正常市场环境下的充足劳动力市场仍处于形成阶段,存在着严重的问题和挑战。20世纪90年代,在国家劳动力市场形成初期,该国经济形势艰难,推动了劳动关系领域的消极发展,其中在今天之前不可战胜的挑战是非正规就业的增长趋势。可以说,在当前全球大流行造成的金融和经济危机时期,这一危机具有大规模的性质。事实上,格鲁吉亚的非正规部门已成为劳动力市场的一个独立部分,对人口的就业、生活水平和经济发展的整个进程产生重大影响。非正式就业作为一个重要的社会经济事件和现象,评估其水平和规模,可以令人信服地说,它在许多年内都不会失去其相关性。非正规就业的消极后果、影响经济活动人口涌入劳动力市场非正规部门的需求分析和评价因素。此外,它还重要地讨论和评价了短期内非正规就业的积极方面,这些方面表现为促进、失业的社会经济和心理后果。在工作中,研究了非正规就业的某些方面,分析了非正规就业的形式和面貌,确定了非正规就业的特点,并在全球大流行病的背景下对其规模进行了评估。事实证明,劳动力市场的非正式部分需要深入研究和评价。通过这项研究,确定了格鲁吉亚劳动力市场非正规经济部门就业增长和发展的主要因素,我们必须加以区分:该国贫穷程度高、规模大、长期失业和低效率就业;就业领域的不安全社会正义原则为求职者提供平等的就业机会;劳动权利平等实现的条件不足;人口对不同类型的劳动力市场服务和活动的可利用性低,经济发展速度不足;劳动力需求减少,因此限制了就业机会和前景;职业教育体系发展水平和质量不高,没有充分关注劳动力市场需求,对失业人员的社会保护,没有健全的保险机制;失业人员培训和再培训困难;薪酬水平低;激励、动机和劳工组织水平低,劳工市场基础设施及其管理信息系统发展不足,与发展立法-规范基础有关的社会-劳工关系的管理和管理方面的问题,缺乏控制雇员工作条件的完整机制等等。论文的结语部分对研究的主要成果进行了总结
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