Reforming the system of higher education in the post-Soviet state: features and problems

Abstract

The priority task of reforming the system of higher education of post-Soviet countries is integration into the world educational space by bringing the management of Kazakhstan's system of higher education in accordance with generally recognized international norms and standards. This led to significant changes in organizational and structural plans. Updating the content of education and improving the quality of training in accordance with the current socio-economic and political conditions of the Republic and the progressive experience of highly developed countries. Over the past decade, the system of higher education in Kazakhstan and Russia has undergone significant structural transformations: universities have received a greater degree of autonomy in the management of their activities, greater freedom in determining educational policy, changed the direction of specialization of universities, created a competitive environment. However, the increasing requirements of society to quality higher education, the deepening of imbalances between the supply of educational services and the needs of the labour market, an inefficient use of society's resources directed to the system of higher education arising out of lack of mechanisms of coordination of the purposes and performance of higher education institutions with the needs of the state and society, radical renewal of educational technologies, changes in the organizational and economic mechanisms of management of educational institutions, increased competition in the market of educational services, create the need to search for new strategic approaches in the management of higher education. Currently, there is an objective need to form a model of public administration of higher education. The article presents the results of sociological research, on the basis of which the analysis of the management of the system of higher education in the region is carried out and measures for its improvement are developed. The authors conclude that the higher education system today is the area of interaction interests of the state and society in the face of their institutions and citizens, which involves the mandatory participation of subjects of educational relations in management and the ability to influence the functioning and development of higher education system and also responsible for creating the conditions necessary for the performance of higher education system of their social and educational functions. In this regard, there is a need to redefine the role and functions of the state in providing activities of educational institutions, involving the solution of educational problems of various social institutions and redefine the role of educational institutions and the students themselves in the process of education. Keywords–world educational space, globalization, higher education system, reformation