Analysis on the Disaster Caused by Qiongshan Earthquake in 1605

Abstract

The 7.5 magnitude great earthquake occurred in Qiongshan of Hainan Province ,on July 13, 1605. it didn’t only destroy a large number of houses, but also caused a large area of land subsidence in the Dongzhaigang area where the epicenter was located, however, it didn’t completely sink to the bottom of the sea. The whole area in Dongzhai Harbor is gradually formed after the Qiongshan great earthquake because of the long-term land subsidence. The earthquake relics in the Harbor, especially the seabed village, were undoubtedly destroyed by the earthquake, but the submergence in the bottom of the sea should be caused by the long-term land subsidence after the great earthquake. When the Qiongshan great earthquake occurred, a large amount of seawater poured into the coastal area of Qiongzhou Strait in the north of Hainan Island, because the earthquake caused seabed collapse and landslide in the Qiongzhou Strait triggering a small tsunami. Keywords—Qiongshan Great Earthquake, Land subsidence, Tsunami 摘要—1605 年 7 月 13 日海南琼山发生 7.5 级大地震,不 仅使大量房屋毁于一旦,还造成震中所在的东寨港地区出现 大面积陆地陷落,但在当时并未完全沉没于海底。东寨港整 体是在琼山大地震后因陆地长期沉降逐步形成的,港湾内的 地震遗迹,尤其是“海底村庄”地震遗址,就其受破坏而言, 无疑是大地震所造成,但其沉没于海底,则应是大地震之后 的长期陆地沉降所致。在琼山大地震发生时有大量海水涌入 海南岛北部琼州海峡沿岸地区,是因为大地震造成了琼州海 峡内的海底崩塌和滑坡,引发了小规模的海啸。