PECULIARITIES OF ELECTROLYTIC BALANCE IN THE BLOOD OF NEWBORNS WITH KIDNEY DAMAGE DUE TO ASPHYXIA

Abstract

Introduction. The study of the concentration of main electrolytes in serum of blood and erythrocytes in neonates with impaired renal function due to asphyxia is important, because it allows determining violations of their content and balance, tactics of infusion and diuretic therapy. The purpose of the work is explore the features of the content and balance of electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium) in serum and red blood cells of newborns with disturbance kidney function due to asphyxia. Materials and methods. The study involved 200 term infants with signs of disturbance kidney function: 100 children who have suffered severe asphyxia, 100 children – with moderate asphyxia. Comparison group consisted of 20 infants without asphyxia at birth. The content of electrolytes determined by emission photometry, also expected ratios in pairs Na/K and Ca/Mg and transmembrane ratio of trace elements. Results and discussion. The critical period of formation electrolyte imbalances in neonates with impaired renal function due to moderate asphyxia is the early neonatal period, in case of severe asphyxia – all neonatal period. The feature of ischemic renal impairment in newborns is the development of serum hypernatremia and hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia, decrease the ratio of Na/K and increase Ca/Mg. Red blood cell pool of macroelements in case of neonatorum ischemic nephropathy is characterized by the growth of sodium level and deficiency of potassium, calcium and magnesium, as well as growth transmineralisation Na/K ratio and decrease Ca/Mg. Growth transmembrane ratios relative to sodium and magnesium reflects their transport into the cell, and reducing ratios relative potassium and calcium indicates the predominance of these electrolyte transport in the extracellular fluid. Changes in serum and intracellular electrolyte content and balance must be considered during infusion therapy in infants with impaired renal function due to asphyxia.