International Students in American Higher Education: A Quantitative Study Comparing Their Distribution from Both Synchronic and Diachronic Perspectives and the Implications on Policy Making

Y. Yao
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

This study examined the distribution of international students in American higher education in each region of America. Non-parametric tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test, were employed to explore the significant differences of international student population among the five American regions from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives. The results of the study show that 1) there is significant difference of international student population among the five American regions in 2016; 2) Northeastern, Southeastern, and Midwestern regions have significantly larger international student population in 2016 than that in 2015; however, Western and Southwestern regions do not have significantly larger international student population in 2016 than that in 2015; 3) climate and geographic location, and the population of immigrants are the reasons of the current distribution of international students; and 4) there are four potential strategies that can be applied to promote the internationalization of higher education and the enrollment of international students. Two future research directions were proposed at the end of the paper.
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美国高等教育国际学生:共时性与历时性的定量研究及其政策启示
这项研究调查了美国各地区高等教育中国际学生的分布情况。采用非参数检验,即Wilcoxon sign -rank检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验,从共时性和历时性两方面探讨了美国5个地区留学生人口的显著差异。研究结果表明:1)2016年美国五大地区的国际学生人数存在显著差异;2) 2016年东北、东南、中西部地区留学生人数明显高于2015年;然而,2016年西部和西南地区的国际学生人数与2015年相比并没有明显增加;3)气候和地理位置、移民人口是目前留学生分布的原因;(4)促进高等教育国际化和国际学生招生的潜在策略有四种。最后提出了今后的研究方向。
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