Detection of Deception with Event-Related Brain Potentials

S. Hira
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

This article reviewed previous studies concerning psychophysiological detection of deception in which event-related brain potential(ERP) had been recorded as a response index. The usual dependent measures in detection studies are autonomic activities such as respiratory, electrodermal, and cardiovascular responses that are assumed to be correlates of the emotional state induced by crime relevant questions. Recently, however, researchers in this field have emphasized the importance of cognitive factors rather than emotional ones to detect guilt and this trend facilitates the use of ERP as a detection measure.   Several ERP components have been identified and each functional significance during human information-processing has been well described. In the ERP-based detection studies, a component such as P3, N400, or CNV(contingent negative variation) have been used as a detection index. The P3 is elicited by rare and meaningful events that are relevant to the participant's task. The N400 component is elicited by semantic anomalies such as words that complete sentences falsely. The CNV has been variously described as related to expectancy, motivation, and attention. Although these three ERP components seem valid detection measures, the most promising index in the field practice is the P3 component because of its relative ease of recordings and large amplitudes. Moreover, in laboratory studies, correct detection rates by the P3 component are slightly higher than the rates by the conventional autonomic measurements.   Several merits of using an ERP component as a detection index are summarized as follows: 1) advancement and elaboration in judgment of test results because ERP are specifically time locked to an event, 2) an improvement of the correct detection rate, 3) an improvement of test objectivity and reliability, and 4) counteracting countermeasures. Before the practical use of ERPs in the psychophysiological detection of deception, however, a method of artifact-free measurement of ERPs and a definite criterion of judgment for individuals must be established.
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用事件相关脑电位检测欺骗
本文综述了以事件相关脑电位(event-相关brain potential, ERP)作为反应指标的欺骗心理生理检测研究。在检测研究中,通常的依赖测量是自主活动,如呼吸、皮肤电和心血管反应,这些反应被认为与犯罪相关问题引起的情绪状态相关。然而,最近这一领域的研究人员强调认知因素而不是情感因素在检测内疚中的重要性,这一趋势促进了ERP作为一种检测手段的使用。已经确定了几个ERP组件,并对人类信息处理过程中的每个功能意义进行了很好的描述。在基于erp的检测研究中,P3、N400或CNV(或有负变异)等成分被用作检测指标。P3是由与参与者的任务相关的罕见和有意义的事件引发的。N400成分是由语义异常引起的,比如错误地完成句子的单词。CNV被不同地描述为与期望、动机和注意力有关。虽然这三个ERP分量似乎是有效的检测措施,但在现场实践中最有希望的指标是P3分量,因为它相对容易记录且振幅大。此外,在实验室研究中,P3成分的正确检出率略高于传统自主测量的检出率。使用ERP组件作为检测指标的几个优点总结如下:1)由于ERP是特定时间锁定在一个事件上,因此对测试结果的判断具有先进性和精细化,2)提高了正确的检出率,3)提高了测试的客观性和可靠性,4)抵消对策。然而,在将erp实际应用于心理生理欺骗检测之前,必须建立一种无伪影的erp测量方法和明确的个体判断标准。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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