Trend of pediatric leprosy in an endemic area in Northeast of Brazil, 2008–2018

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.eimc.2023.06.009

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Abstract

Background

The incidence of leprosy in children is an important indicator of the disease's tendency in the general population and suggests intense circulation and transmission of Mycobacterium leprae.

Objectives

To describe the clinical, epidemiological characteristics and temporal dynamics of leprosy cases in children under 15 years of age from 2008 to 2018 in an endemic municipality.

Methods

A descriptive study with an analytical approach was carried out with data from leprosy cases registered in the Brazilian Information System on Notifiable Diseases for the municipality of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Results

Between 2008 and 2018, 112 new cases of leprosy were registered. Most cases were classified as paucibacillary leprosy and occurred in children living in urban areas. There was no significant difference in the incidence of leprosy during the study period. Only 4.5% of the sample presented reactional episodes, but a high number of cases were not evaluated for the occurrence of reactions.

Conclusions

The findings of this study show a high incidence of paucibacillary leprosy in children and adolescents, which reveals active transmission in the community and failures in the detection of new multibacillary cases among adults. Children between 10 and 14 years old are more vulnerable to M. leprae infection and mainly develop paucibacillary leprosy.

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2008-2018年巴西东北部流行区小儿麻风病的发展趋势

背景儿童麻风病的发病率是衡量该病在普通人群中发病趋势的重要指标，表明麻风分枝杆菌的流通和传播十分活跃。目的描述2008年至2018年一个麻风病流行城市中15岁以下儿童麻风病例的临床、流行病学特征和时间动态。方法利用巴西伯南布哥州Cabo de Santo Agostinho市在巴西应报告疾病信息系统中登记的麻风病例数据，采用分析方法开展描述性研究。结果2008年至2018年期间，共登记了112例新的麻风病例。大多数病例被归类为弱荫麻风病，发生在城市地区的儿童身上。研究期间，麻风病发病率没有明显差异。仅有 4.5%的样本出现反应性发作，但有大量病例未对反应的发生进行评估。结论：本研究结果显示，儿童和青少年中的麻风病发病率较高，这表明麻风病在社区中传播活跃，而且未能发现成人中新的多弧菌病例。10至14岁的儿童更容易感染麻风杆菌，并主要发展为弱碱性麻风病。

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来源期刊

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

2.10

自引率

8.00%

发文量

194

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： Hoy está universalmente reconocida la renovada y creciente importancia de la patología infecciosa: aparición de nuevos agentes patógenos, de cepas resistentes, de procesos con expresión clínica hasta ahora desconocida, de cuadros de una gran complejidad. Paralelamente, la Microbiología y la Infectología Clínicas han experimentado un gran desarrollo como respuesta al reto planteado por la actual patología infecciosa. Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica es la Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Española SEIMC. Cumple con la garantía científica de esta Sociedad, la doble función de difundir trabajos de investigación, tanto clínicos como microbiológicos, referidos a la patología infecciosa, y contribuye a la formación continuada de los interesados en aquella patología mediante artículos orientados a ese fin y elaborados por autores de la mayor calificación invitados por la revista.