A Study of Out-of-Band Emission in Digital Transmitters Due to PLL Phase Noise, Circuit Non-Linearity, and Bandwidth Limitation

IF 2.4 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC IEEE open journal of circuits and systems Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI:10.1109/OJCAS.2023.3328871

Mohammad Oveisi;Seyedali Hosseinisangchi;Payam Heydari

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Abstract

A thorough investigation of major contributors to out-of-band emission (OOBE) in transmitters (TXs) utilizing digital modulation schemes is provided. Specifically, the paper delves into the detrimental effects of phase noise of the local oscillator (LO), typically realized using a phase-locked loop (PLL), on the OOBE phenomenon. Furthermore, the effects of the circuit nonlinearity in a TX, widely recognized as a primary contributor to spectral regrowth and elevated levels of OOBE, are investigated. Additionally, the impact of filtering and bandwidth (BW) limitation on OOBE is taken into account. Comprehensive simulations verify the accuracy of the analytical study. The results provided throughout this paper can be used to determine the linearity and phase noise requirements of different blocks, such as PLL and power amplifier (PA) within a TX chain to design a system complying with a specific mask emission dictated by a particular standard.

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锁相环相位噪声、电路非线性和带宽限制对数字发射机带外发射的影响研究

对利用数字调制方案的发射机(TXs)中的带外发射(OOBE)的主要贡献者进行了深入的研究。具体而言，本文深入研究了本振(LO)的相位噪声对OOBE现象的有害影响，本振通常使用锁相环(PLL)实现。此外，本文还研究了电路非线性在TX中的影响，该非线性被广泛认为是导致光谱再生和OOBE水平升高的主要因素。此外，还考虑了滤波和带宽(BW)限制对OOBE的影响。综合仿真验证了分析研究的准确性。本文提供的结果可用于确定不同模块的线性度和相位噪声要求，例如锁相环和功率放大器(PA)在TX链中，以设计符合特定标准规定的特定掩模发射的系统。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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IEEE open journal of circuits and systems

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19 weeks