Evaluation of Motorway Lane Control Strategies for Mixed Flow of Autonomous and Human-Driven Vehicles

Yu Sun, Erik Jenelius, Wilco Burghout, Binglei Xie
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Abstract

The introduction of automated vehicles (AVs) is commonly expected to improve different aspects of transportation. A long transition period in which AVs will coexist with human-driven vehicles (HVs) is expected until AVs become prevalent. Dedicated lane strategy is considered an effective way to improve road capacity and promote AV use. However, there is a lack of comprehensive research on when and how to implement lane management strategies, and further verification is needed to determine to what extent lane management strategies will affect traffic flow. The dedicated lane strategy will first be applied in highway scenarios, and the merging area is an important zone prone to congestion on highways. There are many impacts of AV on the merging area of highways, but research on the issue that the traffic flow is continually affected after the completion of merging is still lacking. Therefore, this study establishes a lane control strategies framework to investigate the effect on road capacity on the multilane freeway after the merging area. This paper explores the traffic performance of three different lane control strategies with mixed AV/HV traffic flow and investigate when the tested strategies make sense and how sensitive they are to varying AV rates and demands. Specifically, using the open-source microscopic traffic simulation tool SUMO, this study investigates the impacts on traffic performance in terms of throughput, travel time and space mean speed on two-lane motorways at increasing penetration rates of AVs. Moreover, three different lane control strategies (two mixed lanes, one reserved AV lane, and one reserved HV lane) are compared under various demand and AV rates. The simulation results demonstrate that road capacity increases convexly with AV rates. In addition, the results show that the capacity on a one-way two-lane motorway road can be improved with appropriate lane control strategies, especially under high demand and at low to medium AV rates.Practical ApplicationsThe simulation experiments are described in this study, in which a SUMO-based study is designed to evaluate the different capacities for pure HV or AV traffic, and different lane control strategies under different AV rates and traffic demands, together with the results and the traffic performance in terms of changes in capacity, by measuring throughput. We first evaluate the traffic performance of three different lane control strategies with mixed AV/HV traffic flow and investigate when the tested strategies make sense and how sensitive they are to varying AV rates and demands. According to the results, lane strategy can improve traffic capacity. Based on the giving quantized extent of the capacity improvement, the authorities can make decisions on when and how to deploy to dedicated lanes systematically. Lane strategies can significantly improve traffic performance; it should be deployed first on highways, as there is less interference, especially in merging areas, which are prone to traffic congestion. Subsequent testing can be conducted in different road environments to obtain more comprehensive results.
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自动驾驶与人工驾驶混合流高速公路车道控制策略评价
人们普遍期望自动驾驶汽车(AVs)的引入能够改善交通的各个方面。预计在无人驾驶汽车普及之前,无人驾驶汽车将与人类驾驶的汽车(hv)共存,这将是一个漫长的过渡期。专用车道策略被认为是提高道路通行能力和促进自动驾驶汽车使用的有效途径。然而,对于何时以及如何实施车道管理策略缺乏全面的研究,需要进一步验证来确定车道管理策略对交通流的影响程度。专用车道策略首先应用于高速公路场景,而合并区是高速公路上容易发生拥堵的重要区域。自动驾驶汽车对高速公路合流区域的影响是多方面的,但对合流完成后交通流持续受到影响的问题的研究还比较缺乏。因此,本研究建立了车道控制策略框架,研究合并区后对多车道高速公路通行能力的影响。本文研究了三种不同的车道控制策略在AV/HV混合交通流下的交通性能,并研究了测试策略在什么情况下有效,以及它们对不同的AV率和需求有多敏感。具体而言,本研究利用开源微观交通模拟工具SUMO,从吞吐量、行驶时间和空间平均速度三个方面考察了自动驾驶汽车普及率提高对双车道高速公路交通性能的影响。此外,还比较了不同需求和AV率下的3种车道控制策略(2条混合车道、1条保留AV车道和1条保留HV车道)。仿真结果表明,道路通行能力随自驾车率呈凸增长。此外,研究结果还表明,采用适当的车道控制策略可以提高单双车道高速公路的通行能力,特别是在高需求和中低AV率的情况下。本文通过仿真实验,设计了一种基于sumo的研究方法,通过测量吞吐量来评估纯HV或AV交通在不同AV速率和交通需求下的不同通行能力,以及不同车道控制策略,以及结果和随通行能力变化的交通性能。我们首先评估了三种不同的车道控制策略在混合AV/HV交通流下的交通性能,并研究了测试策略何时有意义,以及它们对不同的AV率和需求有多敏感。结果表明,车道策略可以提高通行能力。基于容量改善的量化程度,当局可以系统地决定何时以及如何部署专用车道。车道策略能显著改善交通性能;它应该首先部署在高速公路上,因为干扰较少,特别是在容易发生交通拥堵的合并地区。后续的测试可以在不同的道路环境中进行,以获得更全面的结果。
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来源期刊
Journal of Transportation Engineering
Journal of Transportation Engineering 工程技术-工程:土木
CiteScore
1.22
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
3.6 months
期刊介绍: Information not localized
期刊最新文献
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