Clinical symptom complexes in the diagnosis of renal tumors in children

Abstract

Aim: to present data on kidney tumor clinical patterns and leading symptom sets at the examination stage in the tertiary care (specialized department in a hospital setting) based on modern diagnostic methods for the detection of kidney tumors. Patients and Methods: this paper presents the results of a pilot study concerning the patterns of renal tumors (including nephroblastoma) in children and adolescents living in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The data obtained are necessary for solving scientific and practical tasks to improve the provision of medical care in this pathology. The case histories of 57 children and adolescents with renal tumors who were hospitalized for examination and treatment in the Department of Oncology and Hematology (Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Center for Maternal and Child Welfare) from 2011 to 2021 were analyzed. All patients lived on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Results and Discussion: the study, conducted for the first time in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, presented the main symptom set of renal tumors in children, including clinical manifestations, as well as data of laboratory and instrumental research methods at the stage of primary tumor diagnosis. The most common specific clinical manifestation of the renal tumor was palpable volumetric mass of the abdominal cavity and abdominal volume increase, which was consistent with the literature data. Abdominal pain and anemia were most common among the non- specific symptoms. Ultrasound showed high efficiency for the primary tumor diagnosis, while computer and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging proved to be indispensable for the clinical tumor assessment (its spread and metastasis) for more rational treatment tactics.Conclusions: information about clinical manifestations (given the specific and non-specific symptoms), concomitant pathology, data from instrumental and laboratory research methods at the stage of primary tumor diagnosis in children living in Eastern Siberia were presented for the first time. KEYWORDS: nephroblastoma, Wilms tumor, renal tumors, kidney tumors in children, specific and non-specific symptoms, SIOP studies, hematological and oncological diseases in children. FOR CITATION: Karavaeva E.A., Taranushenko T.E., Borisova M.V. Clinical symptom complexes in the diagnosis of renal tumors in children. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(3):304–309 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-14.