Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-20-25
Y. Dobrokhotova, E. Borovkova, I. Kulikov, T. N. Belousova, M. Burdenko, D.S. Davydova, N.R. Manafova
The increasing trend in surgical delivery (caesarean section) rates observed over the last several years results in a rise of abnormal placentation (AP) cases. In this context, timely diagnosis and correct routing of patients with abnormal placentation to level 3 specialized healthcare institutions will ensure the provision of quality medical care and thus to minimize maternal and infant mortality. The article presents modern views on the main risk factors and pathogenesis of AP, updated definitions of placenta adherenta, increta and percreta and the latest clinical and morphological classification. The authors highlight the advanced diagnostic criteria based on sonographic imaging, Doppler color flow mapping, an important method required for making diagnosis. They also specify cases where MRI techniques could be more informative than ultrasound methods and describe MRI findings that suggest abnormal placentation. Major strategies for providing effective healthcare are considered, including organ preserving surgical procedures, hemostasis (endovascular occlusion or embolization) and replacement of blood loss (reinfusion or hemotransfusion), etc. to reduce the prevalence of unfavorable obstetric and perinatal outcomes. KEYWORDS: placentation, uterine scar, caesarean section, placenta adherenta, placenta increta, placenta percreta, hemorrage. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Borovkova E.I., Kulikov I.A. et al. Abnormal placentation: modern views on etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):20–25 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-20-25.
{"title":"Abnormal placentation: modern views on etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis","authors":"Y. Dobrokhotova, E. Borovkova, I. Kulikov, T. N. Belousova, M. Burdenko, D.S. Davydova, N.R. Manafova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-20-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-20-25","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing trend in surgical delivery (caesarean section) rates observed over the last several years results in a rise of abnormal placentation (AP) cases. In this context, timely diagnosis and correct routing of patients with abnormal placentation to level 3 specialized healthcare institutions will ensure the provision of quality medical care and thus to minimize maternal and infant mortality. The article presents modern views on the main risk factors and pathogenesis of AP, updated definitions of placenta adherenta, increta and percreta and the latest clinical and morphological classification. The authors highlight the advanced diagnostic criteria based on sonographic imaging, Doppler color flow mapping, an important method required for making diagnosis. They also specify cases where MRI techniques could be more informative than ultrasound methods and describe MRI findings that suggest abnormal placentation. Major strategies for providing effective healthcare are considered, including organ preserving surgical procedures, hemostasis (endovascular occlusion or embolization) and replacement of blood loss (reinfusion or hemotransfusion), etc. to reduce the prevalence of unfavorable obstetric and perinatal outcomes. KEYWORDS: placentation, uterine scar, caesarean section, placenta adherenta, placenta increta, placenta percreta, hemorrage. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Borovkova E.I., Kulikov I.A. et al. Abnormal placentation: modern views on etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):20–25 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-20-25.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69551538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-31-33
K. R. Ishmuratova
In recent decades, multiple biological markers have been discovered which demonstrate a high specificity in determining tumor phenotypes. There has been much debate on their role in differentiating the origin of metastasis. This article presents a clinical case of peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from breast carcinoma. The immunohistochemical method was used to determine the tumor phenotype. For this purpose, the markers of gastrointestinal, ovary and breast tumors were utilized, including CDX2, PAX 8, WT1, CK7, CK20, Mammaglobin, and GCDFP-15. The findings of molecular biological phenotyping confirmed the diagnosis of primary multiple malignant neoplasms with peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from breast carcinoma. More accurate identification of tumor phenotypes plays an important role in predicting the disease outcome and specifying indications for prescribing anticancer drug treatments. The described clinical case demonstrates that molecular biological phenotyping can be used as a proving method for identifying the origin of peritoneal carcinomatosis. The development of a panel of markers for different tumor localizations will allow a reliable detection of the source of peritoneal carcinomatosis. In cases of diagnosing peritoneal carcinomatosis from tumors with an undetected primary lesion, such panel of biological markers will help to reduce the time of examination and improve the quality of medical care. KEYWORDS: peritoneal carcinomatosis, diagnosis, biological markers, immunohistochemistry, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer. FOR CITATION: Ishmuratova K.R. Identifying the source of peritoneal carcinomatosis by molecular biological method (a clinical case). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):31–33 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-31-33.
{"title":"Identifying the source of peritoneal carcinomatosis by molecular biological method (a clinical case)","authors":"K. R. Ishmuratova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-31-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-31-33","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, multiple biological markers have been discovered which demonstrate a high specificity in determining tumor phenotypes. There has been much debate on their role in differentiating the origin of metastasis. This article presents a clinical case of peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from breast carcinoma. The immunohistochemical method was used to determine the tumor phenotype. For this purpose, the markers of gastrointestinal, ovary and breast tumors were utilized, including CDX2, PAX 8, WT1, CK7, CK20, Mammaglobin, and GCDFP-15. The findings of molecular biological phenotyping confirmed the diagnosis of primary multiple malignant neoplasms with peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from breast carcinoma. More accurate identification of tumor phenotypes plays an important role in predicting the disease outcome and specifying indications for prescribing anticancer drug treatments. The described clinical case demonstrates that molecular biological phenotyping can be used as a proving method for identifying the origin of peritoneal carcinomatosis. The development of a panel of markers for different tumor localizations will allow a reliable detection of the source of peritoneal carcinomatosis. In cases of diagnosing peritoneal carcinomatosis from tumors with an undetected primary lesion, such panel of biological markers will help to reduce the time of examination and improve the quality of medical care. KEYWORDS: peritoneal carcinomatosis, diagnosis, biological markers, immunohistochemistry, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer. FOR CITATION: Ishmuratova K.R. Identifying the source of peritoneal carcinomatosis by molecular biological method (a clinical case). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):31–33 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-31-33.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69551982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-126-129
Ekaterina Dobrokhotova, A. V. Sofronov
The article reviews the literature on the use of vitamin D in endometriosis treatment. Endometriosis, one of the most common health problems in the female population, is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease. Endometriosis affects 10-15% of all women of reproductive age and 35–50% of women with chronic pelvic pain and/or infertility. Despite multiple studies in all aspects of endometriosis, the selection of the most effective individualized combination treatment options for each patient is still considered as a pressing issue. Animal experiments and clinical trials have demonstrated multiple immune system changes in endometriosis occurring at different levels, from aberrant cytokine signaling to alterations of the immune system cell populations. There is a growing number of recent reports in the international and domestic literature describing the impact of vitamin D on the clinical course of endometriosis and the options of its use in this disease. There is a pathogenetic rationale for involving vitamin D in combination therapy of endometriosis in view of its immunomodulatory, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties. However, it is suggested that further studies are needed to determine an optimum therapeutic dose of vitamin D for different endometriosis types. KEYWORDS: vitamin D, colecalciferol, calcitriol, endometriosis, ectopic endometrium, vitamin D deficiency. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova E.Yu., Sofronov A.V. The use of vitamin D in endometriosis treatment. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):126–129 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-126-129.
{"title":"The use of vitamin D in endometriosis treatment","authors":"Ekaterina Dobrokhotova, A. V. Sofronov","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-126-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-126-129","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the literature on the use of vitamin D in endometriosis treatment. Endometriosis, one of the most common health problems in the female population, is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease. Endometriosis affects 10-15% of all women of reproductive age and 35–50% of women with chronic pelvic pain and/or infertility. Despite multiple studies in all aspects of endometriosis, the selection of the most effective individualized combination treatment options for each patient is still considered as a pressing issue. Animal experiments and clinical trials have demonstrated multiple immune system changes in endometriosis occurring at different levels, from aberrant cytokine signaling to alterations of the immune system cell populations. There is a growing number of recent reports in the international and domestic literature describing the impact of vitamin D on the clinical course of endometriosis and the options of its use in this disease. There is a pathogenetic rationale for involving vitamin D in combination therapy of endometriosis in view of its immunomodulatory, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties. However, it is suggested that further studies are needed to determine an optimum therapeutic dose of vitamin D for different endometriosis types. KEYWORDS: vitamin D, colecalciferol, calcitriol, endometriosis, ectopic endometrium, vitamin D deficiency. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova E.Yu., Sofronov A.V. The use of vitamin D in endometriosis treatment. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):126–129 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-126-129.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69552520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-88-94
T. A. Pluzhnikova, E.A. Alyabeva, I.V. Samarskaya
Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of using cytokine as an adjuvant therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) in women with reproductive losses Patients and Methods: this prospective cohort study included 60 women with reproductive losses in the medical history who were examined at the preconception stage to identify potential causes of pregnancy losses and to prepare for future pregnancy. The diagnosis of moderate/ severe CE was established by histological and immunohistochemical methods in all patients. All patients received a two-stage treatment course. At the first stage, patients received standard treatment — antibacterial and enzymatic therapy. The study group patients (n=30, mean age 32.9±7.1 years) additionally received adjuvant cytokine therapy in rectal suppositories for 20 days, and the comparison group patients (n=30,mean age 33.5±7.5 years) — only standard therapy. One month after the end of treatment, a control examination of the endometrium was performed on days 21–23 of the ovarian cycle to assess histopathological findings in the endometrium and to measure immunohistochemical markers CD16, CD20, HLA-DR and CD138. Results: immunohistochemical tests showed that in the study group 16 (53.3%) patients had signs of moderate CR and 14 (46.7%) — severe CR, while in the comparison group 21 (70.0%) and 9 (30%) had moderate and severe CE, respectively. After the treatment these indicators in the study group amounted to 6 (20%) and 1 (10%), in the comparison group — 7 (23.3%) and 9 (30%). The combination therapy administered to both groups led to a statistically significant decrease in all evaluated (CD16+, CD20+, HLA-DR+, CD138+) indicators of local immunity. A decline in CD20 and CD138 markers after the treatment was more pronounced in the study group than in the comparison group (p=0.005 and p<0.001 respectively). Conclusion: topical cytokine therapy in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss has demonstrated its effectiveness for the correction of immune imbalance as it improves the morphological and functional characteristics of the endometrium. KEYWORDS: chronic endometritis, recurrent pregnancy loss, cytokines, cytokine therapy, preconception preparation. FOR CITATION: Pluzhnikova T.A., Alyabeva E.A., Samarskaya I.V. Analysis of the efficacy of cytokine therapy in the treatment of chronic endometritis in women with reproductive losses. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):88–94 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618- 8430-2023-6-2-88-94.
{"title":"Analysis of the efficacy of cytokine therapy in the treatment of chronic endometritis in women with reproductive losses","authors":"T. A. Pluzhnikova, E.A. Alyabeva, I.V. Samarskaya","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-88-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-88-94","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of using cytokine as an adjuvant therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) in women with reproductive losses Patients and Methods: this prospective cohort study included 60 women with reproductive losses in the medical history who were examined at the preconception stage to identify potential causes of pregnancy losses and to prepare for future pregnancy. The diagnosis of moderate/ severe CE was established by histological and immunohistochemical methods in all patients. All patients received a two-stage treatment course. At the first stage, patients received standard treatment — antibacterial and enzymatic therapy. The study group patients (n=30, mean age 32.9±7.1 years) additionally received adjuvant cytokine therapy in rectal suppositories for 20 days, and the comparison group patients (n=30,mean age 33.5±7.5 years) — only standard therapy. One month after the end of treatment, a control examination of the endometrium was performed on days 21–23 of the ovarian cycle to assess histopathological findings in the endometrium and to measure immunohistochemical markers CD16, CD20, HLA-DR and CD138. Results: immunohistochemical tests showed that in the study group 16 (53.3%) patients had signs of moderate CR and 14 (46.7%) — severe CR, while in the comparison group 21 (70.0%) and 9 (30%) had moderate and severe CE, respectively. After the treatment these indicators in the study group amounted to 6 (20%) and 1 (10%), in the comparison group — 7 (23.3%) and 9 (30%). The combination therapy administered to both groups led to a statistically significant decrease in all evaluated (CD16+, CD20+, HLA-DR+, CD138+) indicators of local immunity. A decline in CD20 and CD138 markers after the treatment was more pronounced in the study group than in the comparison group (p=0.005 and p<0.001 respectively). Conclusion: topical cytokine therapy in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss has demonstrated its effectiveness for the correction of immune imbalance as it improves the morphological and functional characteristics of the endometrium. KEYWORDS: chronic endometritis, recurrent pregnancy loss, cytokines, cytokine therapy, preconception preparation. FOR CITATION: Pluzhnikova T.A., Alyabeva E.A., Samarskaya I.V. Analysis of the efficacy of cytokine therapy in the treatment of chronic endometritis in women with reproductive losses. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):88–94 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618- 8430-2023-6-2-88-94.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69553912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-14
E.A. Karavaeva, T.E. Taranushenko, M.V. Borisova
Aim: to present data on kidney tumor clinical patterns and leading symptom sets at the examination stage in the tertiary care (specialized department in a hospital setting) based on modern diagnostic methods for the detection of kidney tumors. Patients and Methods: this paper presents the results of a pilot study concerning the patterns of renal tumors (including nephroblastoma) in children and adolescents living in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The data obtained are necessary for solving scientific and practical tasks to improve the provision of medical care in this pathology. The case histories of 57 children and adolescents with renal tumors who were hospitalized for examination and treatment in the Department of Oncology and Hematology (Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Center for Maternal and Child Welfare) from 2011 to 2021 were analyzed. All patients lived on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Results and Discussion: the study, conducted for the first time in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, presented the main symptom set of renal tumors in children, including clinical manifestations, as well as data of laboratory and instrumental research methods at the stage of primary tumor diagnosis. The most common specific clinical manifestation of the renal tumor was palpable volumetric mass of the abdominal cavity and abdominal volume increase, which was consistent with the literature data. Abdominal pain and anemia were most common among the non- specific symptoms. Ultrasound showed high efficiency for the primary tumor diagnosis, while computer and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging proved to be indispensable for the clinical tumor assessment (its spread and metastasis) for more rational treatment tactics.Conclusions: information about clinical manifestations (given the specific and non-specific symptoms), concomitant pathology, data from instrumental and laboratory research methods at the stage of primary tumor diagnosis in children living in Eastern Siberia were presented for the first time. KEYWORDS: nephroblastoma, Wilms tumor, renal tumors, kidney tumors in children, specific and non-specific symptoms, SIOP studies, hematological and oncological diseases in children. FOR CITATION: Karavaeva E.A., Taranushenko T.E., Borisova M.V. Clinical symptom complexes in the diagnosis of renal tumors in children. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(3):304–309 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-14.
{"title":"Clinical symptom complexes in the diagnosis of renal tumors in children","authors":"E.A. Karavaeva, T.E. Taranushenko, M.V. Borisova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-14","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to present data on kidney tumor clinical patterns and leading symptom sets at the examination stage in the tertiary care (specialized department in a hospital setting) based on modern diagnostic methods for the detection of kidney tumors. Patients and Methods: this paper presents the results of a pilot study concerning the patterns of renal tumors (including nephroblastoma) in children and adolescents living in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The data obtained are necessary for solving scientific and practical tasks to improve the provision of medical care in this pathology. The case histories of 57 children and adolescents with renal tumors who were hospitalized for examination and treatment in the Department of Oncology and Hematology (Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Center for Maternal and Child Welfare) from 2011 to 2021 were analyzed. All patients lived on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Results and Discussion: the study, conducted for the first time in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, presented the main symptom set of renal tumors in children, including clinical manifestations, as well as data of laboratory and instrumental research methods at the stage of primary tumor diagnosis. The most common specific clinical manifestation of the renal tumor was palpable volumetric mass of the abdominal cavity and abdominal volume increase, which was consistent with the literature data. Abdominal pain and anemia were most common among the non- specific symptoms. Ultrasound showed high efficiency for the primary tumor diagnosis, while computer and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging proved to be indispensable for the clinical tumor assessment (its spread and metastasis) for more rational treatment tactics.Conclusions: information about clinical manifestations (given the specific and non-specific symptoms), concomitant pathology, data from instrumental and laboratory research methods at the stage of primary tumor diagnosis in children living in Eastern Siberia were presented for the first time. KEYWORDS: nephroblastoma, Wilms tumor, renal tumors, kidney tumors in children, specific and non-specific symptoms, SIOP studies, hematological and oncological diseases in children. FOR CITATION: Karavaeva E.A., Taranushenko T.E., Borisova M.V. Clinical symptom complexes in the diagnosis of renal tumors in children. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(3):304–309 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-14.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135010280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-68-74
L. V. Feklisova, I. M. Rasstrigina, E. B. Olkhova, I.S. Allakhverdie, E. E. Tselipanova, S.I. Zavarokhin
Over recent years, amid the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic the prevalence of appendicitis in children has increased. However, its morphological characteristics are not described completely. The article elucidates clinical and morphological features of gangrenous appendicitis in hospitalized children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. The authors present the clinical, laboratory, instrumental and morphological findings in schoolchildren with gangrenous appendicitis associated with SARS-CoV-2, confirmed by nasopharyngeal swab PCR-testing. The disease was characterized by an acute onset, rapid development of abdominal pain syndrome and typical inflammatory changes in the clinical blood analysis: moderate leukocytosis (15.6×109/l), pronounced neutrophilia (82.2%), and thrombocytopenia (103 to 144×109/l). All patients had echographic signs of inflammatory transformation of the appendix which was removed on the first day of hospitalization (the first day of the disease) by laparoscopic technique. The examination of the removed biomaterial revealed a tendency to thrombosis in the small vessels of the process and ulcerative changes accompanied by necrosis. There is a discussion of the relationship between the development of gangrenous appendicitis and the clinical course of COVID-19 infection. It is necessary to continue investigations, perform in-depth analysis of the factors causing pathological changes, and to clarify the role of SARS-CoV-2 disease with the aim of preventing the spread of COVID-19. KEYWORDS: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, children, appendicitis, removal of the appendix, thrombosis, cytokine storm, microangiopathy, necrosis FOR CITATION: Feklisova L.V., Rasstrigina I.M., Olkhova E.B. et al. Clinical and morphological symptoms of gangrenous appendicitis in children with laboratory-confirmed novel coronavirus infection. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):68–74 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-68-74.
{"title":"Clinical and morphological symptoms of gangrenous appendicitis in children with laboratory-confirmed novel coronavirus infection","authors":"L. V. Feklisova, I. M. Rasstrigina, E. B. Olkhova, I.S. Allakhverdie, E. E. Tselipanova, S.I. Zavarokhin","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-68-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-68-74","url":null,"abstract":"Over recent years, amid the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic the prevalence of appendicitis in children has increased. However, its morphological characteristics are not described completely. The article elucidates clinical and morphological features of gangrenous appendicitis in hospitalized children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. The authors present the clinical, laboratory, instrumental and morphological findings in schoolchildren with gangrenous appendicitis associated with SARS-CoV-2, confirmed by nasopharyngeal swab PCR-testing. The disease was characterized by an acute onset, rapid development of abdominal pain syndrome and typical inflammatory changes in the clinical blood analysis: moderate leukocytosis (15.6×109/l), pronounced neutrophilia (82.2%), and thrombocytopenia (103 to 144×109/l). All patients had echographic signs of inflammatory transformation of the appendix which was removed on the first day of hospitalization (the first day of the disease) by laparoscopic technique. The examination of the removed biomaterial revealed a tendency to thrombosis in the small vessels of the process and ulcerative changes accompanied by necrosis. There is a discussion of the relationship between the development of gangrenous appendicitis and the clinical course of COVID-19 infection. It is necessary to continue investigations, perform in-depth analysis of the factors causing pathological changes, and to clarify the role of SARS-CoV-2 disease with the aim of preventing the spread of COVID-19. KEYWORDS: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, children, appendicitis, removal of the appendix, thrombosis, cytokine storm, microangiopathy, necrosis FOR CITATION: Feklisova L.V., Rasstrigina I.M., Olkhova E.B. et al. Clinical and morphological symptoms of gangrenous appendicitis in children with laboratory-confirmed novel coronavirus infection. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):68–74 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-68-74.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69552239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-105-111
A. V. Smirnova, A. Malyshkina, E.P. Khrushkova
Aim: to identify clinical and anamnestic risk factors for ovarian masses (OM), as well as to clarify the significance of various diagnostic criteria in the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer (OC). Patients and Methods: a retrospective analysis of 50 cases of patients with OM was conducted. The following groups were formed: the main group (50 patients with OM) and the control group — practically healthy female subjects (32 patients). Retrospectively, depending on the results concerning histology of the removed surgical material, the main group was divided into 2 subgroups: subgroup 1 — 37 patients with benign OM, subgroup 2 — 13 patients with borderline and malignant OM. The patterns of the anamnesis, the level of the Ca-125 tumor marker, the values of the Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI), and the tumor histology structure were assessed. Results: during the study, it was found that in patients with OM, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), urinary system (24%), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), as well as menstrual disorders of various types and uterine fibroids (p<0.05) are more common. The incidence of gynecologic cancer in the family history is also significantly higher in patients with OM vs. the control group (36% and 3%, respectively, p<0.05). Elevated Ca-125 values were noted both in the group with benign ovarian masses and in the group with borderline and malignant ovarian tumors.it has been established that the main risk factors for the OC development are diseases of GIT (Odds Ratio (OR) 2,09) and urinary system (OR 1,53), genetic predisposition to cancer of the reproductive organs (OR 1,86), menstrual disorder (OR 1,86), uterine fibroids (OR 1,74) and a history of PID (OR 1,83). Conclusion: despite a large number of studies devoted to the problem of OC early diagnosis, there is still no reliable criterion with high sensitivity and specificity. Female patients with postmenopause and adverse ultrasound criteria should have high oncological alarm of doctors, even with low values of the Ca-125 oncological marker. KEYWORDS: ovarian tumors, neoplasms, ovarian cancer, risk factors, Ca-125, malignancy index RMI. FOR CITATION: Smirnova A.V., Malyshkina A.I., Khrushkova E.P. Characteristics in early diagnosis of ovarian masses. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):105–111 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-105-111.
{"title":"Characteristics in early diagnosis of ovarian masses","authors":"A. V. Smirnova, A. Malyshkina, E.P. Khrushkova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-105-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-105-111","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to identify clinical and anamnestic risk factors for ovarian masses (OM), as well as to clarify the significance of various diagnostic criteria in the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer (OC). Patients and Methods: a retrospective analysis of 50 cases of patients with OM was conducted. The following groups were formed: the main group (50 patients with OM) and the control group — practically healthy female subjects (32 patients). Retrospectively, depending on the results concerning histology of the removed surgical material, the main group was divided into 2 subgroups: subgroup 1 — 37 patients with benign OM, subgroup 2 — 13 patients with borderline and malignant OM. The patterns of the anamnesis, the level of the Ca-125 tumor marker, the values of the Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI), and the tumor histology structure were assessed. Results: during the study, it was found that in patients with OM, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), urinary system (24%), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), as well as menstrual disorders of various types and uterine fibroids (p<0.05) are more common. The incidence of gynecologic cancer in the family history is also significantly higher in patients with OM vs. the control group (36% and 3%, respectively, p<0.05). Elevated Ca-125 values were noted both in the group with benign ovarian masses and in the group with borderline and malignant ovarian tumors.it has been established that the main risk factors for the OC development are diseases of GIT (Odds Ratio (OR) 2,09) and urinary system (OR 1,53), genetic predisposition to cancer of the reproductive organs (OR 1,86), menstrual disorder (OR 1,86), uterine fibroids (OR 1,74) and a history of PID (OR 1,83). Conclusion: despite a large number of studies devoted to the problem of OC early diagnosis, there is still no reliable criterion with high sensitivity and specificity. Female patients with postmenopause and adverse ultrasound criteria should have high oncological alarm of doctors, even with low values of the Ca-125 oncological marker. KEYWORDS: ovarian tumors, neoplasms, ovarian cancer, risk factors, Ca-125, malignancy index RMI. FOR CITATION: Smirnova A.V., Malyshkina A.I., Khrushkova E.P. Characteristics in early diagnosis of ovarian masses. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):105–111 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-105-111.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69552246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-112-118
I. P. Aminodova, M. Vasiliev, E. Makarova, V. I. Makarova
Aim: to analyze specific aspects of diagnosing reproductive system disorders in women depending on the place of residence, medical activity and awareness of the female population, staffing resources and the availability of equipment in medical institutions. Patients and Methods: the analysis covered medical records of 9,785 women who, at their own volition, visited the medical center for medical check-up. Gynecological examination, colposcopy, liquid-based cytology, pelvic and breast ultrasound examination, and mammography were performed in all patients. The patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire including the following data: conditions of life and work, lifestyle, and risk factors of malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. Results and Discussion: women over 40 years of age were more concerned about their health status. Thus, it is necessary to find mechanisms for the additional motivation of women of early and middle reproductive age for expanding the screening coverage. It was found out that the differences in the organization of secondary prevention of reproductive system tumors in women living in the urban and rural environments are underpinned by the impact of demographic and social factors, characteristics of medical activity of the population, and staffing shortages in healthcare institutions. These aspects should be taken into consideration for developing methods aimed at overcoming the current failures in the diagnostic process. Conclusion: the establishing of regional "Women's Health Centers" based on multi-disciplinary comprehensive approach will help to improve the detection of tumors of the female reproductive system at the pre-cancer stage, facilitate the timely identification and mitigation of the risk factors of tumor development, and to ensure the prevention of recurrences and progression of hyperplastic processes of the reproductive system in women. KEYWORDS: tumors of reproductive system, prevention, diagnosis, organizational measures. FOR CITATION: Aminodova I.P., Vasiliev M.D., Makarova E.V., Makarova V.I. Secondary prevention of reproductive system tumors in women living in the urban and rural environments. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):112–118 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618- 8430-2023-6-2-112-118.
{"title":"Secondary prevention of reproductive system tumors in women living in the urban and rural environments","authors":"I. P. Aminodova, M. Vasiliev, E. Makarova, V. I. Makarova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-112-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-112-118","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to analyze specific aspects of diagnosing reproductive system disorders in women depending on the place of residence, medical activity and awareness of the female population, staffing resources and the availability of equipment in medical institutions. Patients and Methods: the analysis covered medical records of 9,785 women who, at their own volition, visited the medical center for medical check-up. Gynecological examination, colposcopy, liquid-based cytology, pelvic and breast ultrasound examination, and mammography were performed in all patients. The patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire including the following data: conditions of life and work, lifestyle, and risk factors of malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. Results and Discussion: women over 40 years of age were more concerned about their health status. Thus, it is necessary to find mechanisms for the additional motivation of women of early and middle reproductive age for expanding the screening coverage. It was found out that the differences in the organization of secondary prevention of reproductive system tumors in women living in the urban and rural environments are underpinned by the impact of demographic and social factors, characteristics of medical activity of the population, and staffing shortages in healthcare institutions. These aspects should be taken into consideration for developing methods aimed at overcoming the current failures in the diagnostic process. Conclusion: the establishing of regional \"Women's Health Centers\" based on multi-disciplinary comprehensive approach will help to improve the detection of tumors of the female reproductive system at the pre-cancer stage, facilitate the timely identification and mitigation of the risk factors of tumor development, and to ensure the prevention of recurrences and progression of hyperplastic processes of the reproductive system in women. KEYWORDS: tumors of reproductive system, prevention, diagnosis, organizational measures. FOR CITATION: Aminodova I.P., Vasiliev M.D., Makarova E.V., Makarova V.I. Secondary prevention of reproductive system tumors in women living in the urban and rural environments. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):112–118 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618- 8430-2023-6-2-112-118.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69552417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-119-125
O. Milushkina, E. Sibirskaya, P.F. Kurbanova
Hygiene of children and adolescents is an area of preventive medicine, the tasks of which are to maintain and strengthen health, support the optimal level of functions and favorable body development. Teaching proper hygiene skills should begin from childhood, in which the involvement and awareness of parents plays an important role. With the formation of a woman's reproductive function, the hormonal background and the vaginal microbiom are actively changing. Non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene is a predisposing factor in the development of inflammatory diseases, including vulvovaginitis. In order to prevent the occurrence of these diseases, reproductive education is of key importance not only for young people, but also for all segments of the population. Targeted formation of a conscious attitude to one's health, understanding and ability to use personal hygiene products remains an important aspect in the development of the female body. Hygienic education as a way of informing children, adolescents and their parents is one of the elements in state policy regarding the health maintenance of the younger generation. It is ensured by the implementation of educational programs at the level of secondary general education, secondary and higher professional education, including through the development of competencies in professional standards of medical profile. KEYWORDS: personal hygiene, girls, inflammatory diseases, vulvovaginitis, hygienic education. FOR CITATION: Milushkina O.Yu., Sibirskaya E.V., Kurbanova P.F. Topical issues concerning hygiene of girls and adolescent girls (literature review). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):119–125 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-119-125.
{"title":"Topical issues concerning hygiene of girls and adolescent girls (literature review)","authors":"O. Milushkina, E. Sibirskaya, P.F. Kurbanova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-119-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-119-125","url":null,"abstract":"Hygiene of children and adolescents is an area of preventive medicine, the tasks of which are to maintain and strengthen health, support the optimal level of functions and favorable body development. Teaching proper hygiene skills should begin from childhood, in which the involvement and awareness of parents plays an important role. With the formation of a woman's reproductive function, the hormonal background and the vaginal microbiom are actively changing. Non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene is a predisposing factor in the development of inflammatory diseases, including vulvovaginitis. In order to prevent the occurrence of these diseases, reproductive education is of key importance not only for young people, but also for all segments of the population. Targeted formation of a conscious attitude to one's health, understanding and ability to use personal hygiene products remains an important aspect in the development of the female body. Hygienic education as a way of informing children, adolescents and their parents is one of the elements in state policy regarding the health maintenance of the younger generation. It is ensured by the implementation of educational programs at the level of secondary general education, secondary and higher professional education, including through the development of competencies in professional standards of medical profile. KEYWORDS: personal hygiene, girls, inflammatory diseases, vulvovaginitis, hygienic education. FOR CITATION: Milushkina O.Yu., Sibirskaya E.V., Kurbanova P.F. Topical issues concerning hygiene of girls and adolescent girls (literature review). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):119–125 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-119-125.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69552511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-138-144
Y. Dobrokhotova, A. Azimova, E. Borovkova, I. Il'ina, D. M. Ibragimova, I. I. Grishin, E. Platova, V. I. Komagorov
Aim: to assess effectiveness of the Aerolase Neo neodymium laser with a 1064 nm wavelength and 650 ms pulse duration in the treatment of patients with chronic vulvar dystrophies. Patients and Methods: the study included 60 patients with lichen sclerosus and vulvar leukoplakia. Patients with the verified diagnosis of early-stage vulvar lichen sclerosus were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 45 patients who were treated with the Aerolase Neo laser and group 2 consisted of 15 patients who applied topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment over the vulvar area for 2 months: two times per day before the symptoms relieved and then — once per day, depending on the intensity of clinical manifestations, for 6 months. A comprehensive medical exam of patients was performed before and after treatment. Results: histological examination revealed that the group 1 patients had a brighter red staining of the stromal collagen fibers demonstrating a pronounced collagenization of the stroma after the treatment. In the group 2 patients the examination results did not demonstrate any significant changes. The number of complaints associated with vulvar dystrophies significantly decreased among the group 1 patients who received laser therapy, and they also reported a higher satisfaction with the quality of sexual life. Those patients who used topical glucocorticoids noted the recurred itching in the vulvar area which required the continuation of maintenance therapy for up to 6 months and suggested that glucocorticoids provided a short-term effect. Conclusion: the obtained results prove the effectiveness of neodymium laser therapy for patients with vulvar dystrophies thus providing a rationale for using this method of treatment. KEYWORDS: lichen, leukoplakia, chronic vulvar dystrophies, neodymium laser, laser therapy, sexual life. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Azimova A.Yu., Borovkova E.I. et al. The use of neodymium laser in the treatment of vulval dystrophies. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):138–144 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-138-144.
{"title":"The use of neodymium laser in the treatment of vulval dystrophies","authors":"Y. Dobrokhotova, A. Azimova, E. Borovkova, I. Il'ina, D. M. Ibragimova, I. I. Grishin, E. Platova, V. I. Komagorov","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-138-144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-138-144","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assess effectiveness of the Aerolase Neo neodymium laser with a 1064 nm wavelength and 650 ms pulse duration in the treatment of patients with chronic vulvar dystrophies. Patients and Methods: the study included 60 patients with lichen sclerosus and vulvar leukoplakia. Patients with the verified diagnosis of early-stage vulvar lichen sclerosus were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 45 patients who were treated with the Aerolase Neo laser and group 2 consisted of 15 patients who applied topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment over the vulvar area for 2 months: two times per day before the symptoms relieved and then — once per day, depending on the intensity of clinical manifestations, for 6 months. A comprehensive medical exam of patients was performed before and after treatment. Results: histological examination revealed that the group 1 patients had a brighter red staining of the stromal collagen fibers demonstrating a pronounced collagenization of the stroma after the treatment. In the group 2 patients the examination results did not demonstrate any significant changes. The number of complaints associated with vulvar dystrophies significantly decreased among the group 1 patients who received laser therapy, and they also reported a higher satisfaction with the quality of sexual life. Those patients who used topical glucocorticoids noted the recurred itching in the vulvar area which required the continuation of maintenance therapy for up to 6 months and suggested that glucocorticoids provided a short-term effect. Conclusion: the obtained results prove the effectiveness of neodymium laser therapy for patients with vulvar dystrophies thus providing a rationale for using this method of treatment. KEYWORDS: lichen, leukoplakia, chronic vulvar dystrophies, neodymium laser, laser therapy, sexual life. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Azimova A.Yu., Borovkova E.I. et al. The use of neodymium laser in the treatment of vulval dystrophies. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):138–144 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-138-144.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69552717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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