Jakarlo with BackWay: youth, old traditions, new trends, and clandestine migration within The Gambia

IF 1.3 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Critical African Studies Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI:10.1080/21681392.2023.2252657
Sireita Mullings-Lawrence
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Drawing on the artworks of participants from the ArtFarm (AF), an artists’ and farmers’ collective, photographs taken during a ‘Jakarlo’, [Jakarlo is the Wolof word for face-to-face or confrontation] a youth wrestling event in Kerr Sering, a Gambian village, and discussions about migration as a new phenomenon with young people from the Abuko Youth Association [See https://www.facebook.com/abukoyouthassociation/] (AYA), the paper explores the ways in which young people are engaging in traditions of visual and performing arts, wrestling, and migration in new ways. The discussions reveal the significance of their practice and engagement as youth leaders and active citizens in The Gambia. Simultaneously, we witness the power of visual narrative as a means of enabling an exploration into the themes that emerged from discussion and observation. These themes lead us to ask how The Gambia's young people have come to negotiate the social phenomena of wrestling, migration, and art as ‘new trends' rooted in ‘old’ practices, how tradition is held onto, and how have they taken on new forms within the youth landscape of The Gambia.Engagé à restituer les réalités de certains jeunes Gambiens à travers leur expérience vécue, l'article explore comment une critique d'art, lors de l'atelier Visual Voices, a servi de plate-forme permettant aux jeunes de s'appuyer sur des méthodologies visuelles afin de réfléchir et partager sur les principales préoccupations et défis auxquels la population des jeunes Gambiens est confrontée, d'une manière ou d'une autre. S'appuyant sur les œuvres d'art des participants de l'ArtFarm (AF) – un collectif d'artistes et d'agriculteurs, des photographies prises lors d'un ‘Jakarlo' – un événement de lutte pour les jeunes à Kerr Sering (un village gambien), et des discussions sur les migrations en tant que nouveau phénomène avec des jeunes de l'Association des jeunes d'Abuko (AYO), l'article explore les façons dont les jeunes s'engagent dans les traditions des arts visuels et du spectacle, de la lutte et des migrations de façons nouvelles. Les discussions révèlent l'importance de leur pratique et de leur engagement en tant que jeunes leaders et citoyens actifs en Gambie. Nous sommes simultanément témoins du pouvoir du récit visuel qui permet d’explorer des thèmes issus des discussions et de l'observation. Ces thèmes nous amènent à nous demander comment les jeunes Gambiens en sont venus à négocier les phénomènes sociaux de la lutte, de la migration et de l'art en tant que « nouvelles tendances » enracinées dans des pratiques « anciennes » ou comment les traditions sont conservées et comment elles ont pris de nouvelles formes dans le paysage des jeunes de Gambie.Keywords: BackWayJakarlovisual voicesvisual archivingvisual methodsvisual sociologyClandestine migrationGambian youth spacesyouth leadersMots clés: BackWayJakarlovisual voicesvisual archivingvisual methodsvisual sociologymigration clandestineEspaces de la jeunesse gambienneLeaders de la jeunesse Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Statement of EthicsThe interviewer clearly communicated the scope and purpose of the research project to all interviewees. All interviewees gave consent to be interviewed for the purposes of this research. All interviewees also consented to interviews being used for publication purposes. At the time this study was conducted, University of Bedfordshire did not require ethical approval to be sought for this type of research.Notes1 Key hole gardening is a permaculture concept that is designed to use kitchen waste to grow vegetation also known as an edible or kitchen garden. Implemented to strengthen food security across Africa. See Lawanson (Citation2021).2 The Gambia National Human Development Report https://www.gm.undp.org/content/dam/gambia/docs/NewDocs/NHDR%202014.pdf [accessed 11 July 2017].3 ‘The Gambia: Migration in Africa's ‘Smiling Coast’’ p. 2. See The Online Journal of the Migration Policy Institute: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2429807.4 See https://displacement.iom.int/system/tdf/reports/Gambia_ENG.pdf?file=1&type=node&id=10576.5 Kori community youth organization: http://www.kori.org.uk.6 DOAF.co.uk.7 The Vessel programme: https://kori.org.uk/the-vessel/.8 Interview with Keba Salah 2016.9 Interview with Omar Corr 2016.10 Interview with Omar Corr 2016.11 Interview with Omar Corr 2016.12 Focus group discussion with ArtFarm 2016.13 Personal communication with Lamin a security guard in Abuko.14 Advocacy in this regard means the group of young people elected to lead education programmes for other young people in their community.15 Interview with a member of AYA, Abuko Youth Association.16 Interview with Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.17 Emms Craig et al. ‘The Gambia’.18 See Hoyantaan the making of the King https://www.chronicle.gm/hoyantaan-the-making-of-the-king-of-gambias-wrestling-arena/.19 See https://www.grts.gm/new-site/public/news-article-details/sports/gwa-concludes-training-for-thirty-wrestlers-referees.https://www.gambia.com/gwa-commences-3-day-training-for-wrestlers-referees-in-janjanbureh/.https://www.gambia.com/wrestling-out-of-poverty-in-gambia-the-chronicle-gambia/.20 The history of Gambian wrestling http://allafrica.com/stories/201408011311.html.21 See Elephant Man Willie Bounce https://youtube/r038-tDd8eI.22 Interview with Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.23 Interview with Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.24 A discussion on how countries are woven as seen through visual representations of black life. Barson, Tanya et al. ‘Afro Modern: Journeys through the Black Atlantic,’ p. 12.25 Interview with Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.26 See the Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/10/gambia-wrestler-trying-to-reach-italy-drowns-in-mediterranean.27 African Youth Cultures in a Globalized World: Challenges, Agency and Resistance. 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引用次数: 0

Abstract

AbstractCommitted to rendering the realities of some of The Gambia's youth's lived experience, the paper explores how an art critique during the Visual Voices workshop served as a platform that enabled young people to draw upon visual methodologies to reflect upon and share some of the major concerns and challenges that The Gambia's youth population are forced to confront in one way or another. Drawing on the artworks of participants from the ArtFarm (AF), an artists’ and farmers’ collective, photographs taken during a ‘Jakarlo’, [Jakarlo is the Wolof word for face-to-face or confrontation] a youth wrestling event in Kerr Sering, a Gambian village, and discussions about migration as a new phenomenon with young people from the Abuko Youth Association [See https://www.facebook.com/abukoyouthassociation/] (AYA), the paper explores the ways in which young people are engaging in traditions of visual and performing arts, wrestling, and migration in new ways. The discussions reveal the significance of their practice and engagement as youth leaders and active citizens in The Gambia. Simultaneously, we witness the power of visual narrative as a means of enabling an exploration into the themes that emerged from discussion and observation. These themes lead us to ask how The Gambia's young people have come to negotiate the social phenomena of wrestling, migration, and art as ‘new trends' rooted in ‘old’ practices, how tradition is held onto, and how have they taken on new forms within the youth landscape of The Gambia.Engagé à restituer les réalités de certains jeunes Gambiens à travers leur expérience vécue, l'article explore comment une critique d'art, lors de l'atelier Visual Voices, a servi de plate-forme permettant aux jeunes de s'appuyer sur des méthodologies visuelles afin de réfléchir et partager sur les principales préoccupations et défis auxquels la population des jeunes Gambiens est confrontée, d'une manière ou d'une autre. S'appuyant sur les œuvres d'art des participants de l'ArtFarm (AF) – un collectif d'artistes et d'agriculteurs, des photographies prises lors d'un ‘Jakarlo' – un événement de lutte pour les jeunes à Kerr Sering (un village gambien), et des discussions sur les migrations en tant que nouveau phénomène avec des jeunes de l'Association des jeunes d'Abuko (AYO), l'article explore les façons dont les jeunes s'engagent dans les traditions des arts visuels et du spectacle, de la lutte et des migrations de façons nouvelles. Les discussions révèlent l'importance de leur pratique et de leur engagement en tant que jeunes leaders et citoyens actifs en Gambie. Nous sommes simultanément témoins du pouvoir du récit visuel qui permet d’explorer des thèmes issus des discussions et de l'observation. Ces thèmes nous amènent à nous demander comment les jeunes Gambiens en sont venus à négocier les phénomènes sociaux de la lutte, de la migration et de l'art en tant que « nouvelles tendances » enracinées dans des pratiques « anciennes » ou comment les traditions sont conservées et comment elles ont pris de nouvelles formes dans le paysage des jeunes de Gambie.Keywords: BackWayJakarlovisual voicesvisual archivingvisual methodsvisual sociologyClandestine migrationGambian youth spacesyouth leadersMots clés: BackWayJakarlovisual voicesvisual archivingvisual methodsvisual sociologymigration clandestineEspaces de la jeunesse gambienneLeaders de la jeunesse Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Statement of EthicsThe interviewer clearly communicated the scope and purpose of the research project to all interviewees. All interviewees gave consent to be interviewed for the purposes of this research. All interviewees also consented to interviews being used for publication purposes. At the time this study was conducted, University of Bedfordshire did not require ethical approval to be sought for this type of research.Notes1 Key hole gardening is a permaculture concept that is designed to use kitchen waste to grow vegetation also known as an edible or kitchen garden. Implemented to strengthen food security across Africa. See Lawanson (Citation2021).2 The Gambia National Human Development Report https://www.gm.undp.org/content/dam/gambia/docs/NewDocs/NHDR%202014.pdf [accessed 11 July 2017].3 ‘The Gambia: Migration in Africa's ‘Smiling Coast’’ p. 2. See The Online Journal of the Migration Policy Institute: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2429807.4 See https://displacement.iom.int/system/tdf/reports/Gambia_ENG.pdf?file=1&type=node&id=10576.5 Kori community youth organization: http://www.kori.org.uk.6 DOAF.co.uk.7 The Vessel programme: https://kori.org.uk/the-vessel/.8 Interview with Keba Salah 2016.9 Interview with Omar Corr 2016.10 Interview with Omar Corr 2016.11 Interview with Omar Corr 2016.12 Focus group discussion with ArtFarm 2016.13 Personal communication with Lamin a security guard in Abuko.14 Advocacy in this regard means the group of young people elected to lead education programmes for other young people in their community.15 Interview with a member of AYA, Abuko Youth Association.16 Interview with Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.17 Emms Craig et al. ‘The Gambia’.18 See Hoyantaan the making of the King https://www.chronicle.gm/hoyantaan-the-making-of-the-king-of-gambias-wrestling-arena/.19 See https://www.grts.gm/new-site/public/news-article-details/sports/gwa-concludes-training-for-thirty-wrestlers-referees.https://www.gambia.com/gwa-commences-3-day-training-for-wrestlers-referees-in-janjanbureh/.https://www.gambia.com/wrestling-out-of-poverty-in-gambia-the-chronicle-gambia/.20 The history of Gambian wrestling http://allafrica.com/stories/201408011311.html.21 See Elephant Man Willie Bounce https://youtube/r038-tDd8eI.22 Interview with Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.23 Interview with Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.24 A discussion on how countries are woven as seen through visual representations of black life. Barson, Tanya et al. ‘Afro Modern: Journeys through the Black Atlantic,’ p. 12.25 Interview with Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.26 See the Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/10/gambia-wrestler-trying-to-reach-italy-drowns-in-mediterranean.27 African Youth Cultures in a Globalized World: Challenges, Agency and Resistance. United Kingdom, Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2015.
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雅卡洛与回乡:冈比亚境内的青年、旧传统、新趋势和秘密移民
摘要本文致力于呈现冈比亚年轻人生活经验的现实,探讨视觉之声工作坊期间的艺术评论如何成为一个平台,使年轻人能够利用视觉方法来反思和分享冈比亚年轻人被迫以某种方式面对的一些主要问题和挑战。作品取材于艺术家与农民团体ArtFarm (AF)参与者的作品、冈比亚村庄“Jakarlo”(Jakarlo是Wolof语,意为面对面或对抗)青少年摔跤活动期间拍摄的照片,以及与Abuko青年协会的年轻人讨论移民这一新现象[见https://www.facebook.com/abukoyouthassociation/] (AYA)。本文探讨了年轻人以新的方式参与传统的视觉和表演艺术、摔跤和移民的方式。这些讨论揭示了他们作为冈比亚青年领袖和积极公民的实践和参与的重要性。同时,我们见证了视觉叙事的力量,它是一种探索从讨论和观察中出现的主题的手段。这些主题让我们不禁要问,冈比亚的年轻人是如何将摔跤、移民和艺术等社会现象视为根植于“旧”实践的“新趋势”,传统是如何被保留下来的,以及它们是如何在冈比亚的青年景观中呈现出新的形式的。接触到某些冈比亚人的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者,他们的变性者。年代'appuyant苏尔lesœ紫外线辐射艺术品des参与者de l 'ArtFarm (AF)——联合国collectif d 'artistes et d 'agriculteurs, des摄影联盟当时d一个“Jakarlo”——联合国evenement de lutte倒les年轻人克尔泽林(联合国村gambien)、et des讨论关于莱斯迁移在中间,新phenomene用des年轻人de l 'Association des年轻人d 'Abuko(哈尔曼氏崖爬藤),l 'article探索莱斯这样不莱斯年轻人的年代'engagent des在传统艺术visuels du奇观,关于新事物的迁移。在冈比亚,这些讨论将使冈比亚的青年领导人和公民活动的重要性和参与程度有所提高。有时,同时进行的<s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1>交换器- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -在这段视频中,我们可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,我们可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求,也可以看到冈比亚青年的需求。关键词:backwayjakarlo视觉声音视觉档案视觉方法视觉社会学秘密迁移ambian青年太空青年领袖smots clacys: backwayjakarlo视觉声音视觉档案视觉方法视觉社会学秘密迁移空间青年冈比亚青年领袖披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。伦理声明采访者清楚地向所有受访者传达了研究项目的范围和目的。所有受访者都同意为本研究的目的接受采访。所有受访者也同意将采访用于出版目的。在进行这项研究的时候,贝德福德大学并没有要求对这类研究进行伦理批准。注1匙孔园艺是一种永续栽培的概念,旨在利用厨余种植植物,也被称为可食用或厨房花园。旨在加强整个非洲的粮食安全。参见Lawanson (Citation2021)冈比亚国家人类发展报告https://www.gm.undp.org/content/dam/gambia/docs/NewDocs/NHDR%202014.pdf[2017年7月11日查阅]。《冈比亚:非洲“微笑海岸”的移民》第2页。参见移民政策研究所在线期刊:https://ssrn.com/abstract=2429807.4参见https://displacement.iom.int/system/tdf/reports/Gambia_ENG.pdf?file=1&type=node&id=10576.5 Kori社区青年组织:http://www.kori.org.uk.6 DOAF.co.uk.7船舶项目:https://kori.org.uk/the-vessel/.8对Keba Salah的采访2016.9对Omar Corr的采访2016.10对Omar Corr的采访2016.11对Omar Corr的采访2016.12与ArtFarm的焦点小组讨论2016.13与阿布库保安Lamin的个人交流。 14 .在这方面的宣传是指选出来领导社区内其他青年的教育方案的青年团体采访Abuko青年协会AYA成员。16采访Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.17 Emms Craig等人。《冈比亚》。18参见Hoyantaan国王的诞生https://www.chronicle.gm/hoyantaan-the-making-of-the-king-of-gambias-wrestling-arena/.19参见https://www.grts.gm/new-site/public/news-article-details/sports/gwa-concludes-training-for-thirty-wrestlers-referees.https://www.gambia.com/gwa-commences-3-day-training-for-wrestlers-referees-in-janjanbureh/.https://www.gambia.com/wrestling-out-of-poverty-in-gambia-the-chronicle-gambia/.20冈比亚摔跤的历史http://allafrica.com/stories/201408011311.html.21见象人Willie Bounce https://youtube/r038-tDd8eI.22采访Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.23采访Pa Doullo Kandeh 2016.24讨论如何通过黑人生活的视觉表现来编织国家。Barson, Tanya等人,《非洲现代:穿越黑大西洋之旅》,第12.25页,《Pa Doullo Kandeh访谈》,2016.26见《卫报》https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/10/gambia-wrestler-trying-to-reach-italy-drowns-in-mediterranean.27全球化世界中的非洲青年文化:挑战、代理和抵抗。英国,阿什盖特出版有限公司,2015。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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Critical African Studies
Critical African Studies Arts and Humanities-Arts and Humanities (all)
CiteScore
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发文量
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期刊介绍: Critical African Studies seeks to return Africanist scholarship to the heart of theoretical innovation within each of its constituent disciplines, including Anthropology, Political Science, Sociology, History, Law and Economics. We offer authors a more flexible publishing platform than other journals, allowing them greater space to develop empirical discussions alongside theoretical and conceptual engagements. We aim to publish scholarly articles that offer both innovative empirical contributions, grounded in original fieldwork, and also innovative theoretical engagements. This speaks to our broader intention to promote the deployment of thorough empirical work for the purposes of sophisticated theoretical innovation. We invite contributions that meet the aims of the journal, including special issue proposals that offer fresh empirical and theoretical insights into African Studies debates.
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