What are the current research results based on EBM recommendations and what they do not recommend in the treatment of chronic tinnitus?

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic tinnitus is one of the most common symptoms accompanying hearing disorders. Epidemiological studies have shown that approximately 3% of the population of with symptoms require treatment. There is no available therapy to treat the cause. Current therapeutic strategies require rigorous scientific evaluation.Objective: The aim of the review is to present contemporary recommendations for treating chronic tinnitus based on the principles of EBM.Methods: The basis for those study is the current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines of European, American and Japanese scientific societies and a literature review of the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases.Results: Tinnitus usually accompanies hearing loss, but the critical element is the distress resulting from chronic exposure to tinnitus. This results in constant level of psychosomatic overload of the body. In addition to counseling, the recommended course of action is psychotherapeutic intervention, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy and hearing improvement methods.Conclusions: Based on contemporary research positively assessed according to EBM criteria and current global diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines, it should be concluded that a significant reduction in the annoyance of tinnitus and an improvement in the quality of life of patients is provided by cognitive-behavioral therapy preceded by properly conducted therapeutic advice (counseling) and appropriate hearing intervention.