{"title":"Force on a moving object in an ideal quantum gas","authors":"Wittaya Kanchanapusakit, Pattarapon Tanalikhit","doi":"10.1119/5.0127334","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"We consider a heavy external object moving in an ideal gas of light particles. Collisions with the gas particles transfer momentum to the object, leading to a force that is proportional to the object's velocity but in the opposite direction. In an ideal classical gas at temperature T, the force acting on the object is proportional to T. Quantum statistics causes a deviation from the T-dependence and shows that the force scales with T2 at low temperatures. At T = 0, the force vanishes in a Bose gas but is finite in a Fermi gas.","PeriodicalId":7589,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Journal of Physics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0127334","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
We consider a heavy external object moving in an ideal gas of light particles. Collisions with the gas particles transfer momentum to the object, leading to a force that is proportional to the object's velocity but in the opposite direction. In an ideal classical gas at temperature T, the force acting on the object is proportional to T. Quantum statistics causes a deviation from the T-dependence and shows that the force scales with T2 at low temperatures. At T = 0, the force vanishes in a Bose gas but is finite in a Fermi gas.
期刊介绍：
The mission of the American Journal of Physics (AJP) is to publish articles on the educational and cultural aspects of physics that are useful, interesting, and accessible to a diverse audience of physics students, educators, and researchers. Our audience generally reads outside their specialties to broaden their understanding of physics and to expand and enhance their pedagogical toolkits at the undergraduate and graduate levels.
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