Onur Baser, Yixuan Zeng, Sara Alsaleh, Isabel Baser
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Much of the research on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has overlooked the experiences of adolescent boys. Objective: To examine the prevalence of depression, treatment trends, and associated risk factors among adolescent boys, controlling for the pandemic year. Methods: Data for boys aged 12 to 17 years (n = 4518) in the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were analyzed. Time trends and factors associated with depression were examined using a multiple regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of 12-month major depressive episodes (TMDEs) was 11.6% during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the boys with TMDEs, 37.8% received treatment overall, and 19.0% received prescription medication. Higher rates of TMDEs were estimated in boys who were older (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.66, p < 0.001), lived in single-mother households (AOR: 1.47, p < 0.001), did not have authoritative parents (AOR: 1.78, p < 0.001), and had negative school experiences (AOR: 2.45, p < 0.001). Although Black boys were less likely to report depression than white boys (AOR: 0.70, p < 0.05), nonwhite boys who had depression were significantly less likely to receive treatment. Boys living in a household without a mother were also less likely to receive treatment (AOR: 0.49, p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study reveals the unique developmental, social, and psychological factors that influence depression among adolescent boys. During the pandemic, more than one out of ten adolescent boys had a major depressive episode, and four of ten of them received treatment; half of these treatments were prescription medication. Recognizing these factors may allow for more targeted and effective interventions to improve mental health outcomes for this demographic.
背景:关于COVID-19大流行对心理健康影响的许多研究都忽视了青春期男孩的经历。目的:在控制大流行年的情况下,研究青春期男孩抑郁症的患病率、治疗趋势和相关危险因素。方法:对2021年全国药物使用与健康调查中12 ~ 17岁男孩(n = 4518)的数据进行分析。使用多元回归分析检查与抑郁相关的时间趋势和因素。结果:新冠肺炎大流行第一年12个月重度抑郁发作(TMDEs)发生率为11.6%。在患有TMDEs的男孩中,37.8%的人接受了整体治疗,19.0%的人接受了处方药治疗。据估计,年龄较大的男孩患TMDEs的比例较高(校正优势比:1.66,p <0.001),生活在单亲母亲家庭(AOR: 1.47, p <0.001),无权威父母(AOR: 1.78, p <0.001),并且有消极的学校经历(AOR: 2.45, p <0.001)。尽管黑人男孩比白人男孩更少报告抑郁(AOR: 0.70, p <0.05),患有抑郁症的非白人男孩接受治疗的可能性明显较低。生活在没有母亲家庭的男孩接受治疗的可能性也较低(AOR: 0.49, p <0.05)。结论:本研究揭示了影响青春期男孩抑郁的独特发育、社会和心理因素。在大流行期间,每10名青春期男孩中就有1人以上患有严重抑郁症,其中4人接受了治疗;这些治疗中有一半是处方药。认识到这些因素可能使我们能够采取更有针对性和更有效的干预措施,以改善这一人群的心理健康结果。