Relationship between Nurses Reflection, Self-efficacy and Work Engagement: A Multicenter Study

Abstract

Introduction: Reflection is considered an essential element in nurses’ practice with different positive outcomes, we decided to determine the level of nurses’ reflection and then assess the relationship between nurses’ reflection with their self-efficacy and work engagement. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 240 nurses were selected from seven educational hospitals affiliated with Tabriz University of medical sciences (Iran). The stratified random sampling method was used to select the participants from hospitals. Data were collected through three questionnaires including Groningen Reflection Ability Scale (GRAS), Sherer’s General Self-Efficacy Scale (SGSES), and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13. Results: According to the results, the mean (SD) score of nurses’ reflection was calculated as 86.51 (8.17) out of 115. The mean (SD) score of nurses’ self-efficacy was 60.89 (11.11) out of 85. Moreover, the mean (SD) total score of nurses’ work engagement in a possible range of 0 to 6 was 3.39 (1.36). There was a positive and significant relationship between the total reflection score with work engagement and self-efficacy scores. Conclusion: According to the results, nurses working in different units showed different scores of reflection. Moreover, the results of the present study showed that nurses’ reflection is associated with nurses’ work engagement and self-efficacy. Therefore, nurse managers and nurse educators should improve nurses’ skills in reflection and they should support the reflective practice in clinical settings.